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Meteorology Law of the People's Republic of China | | 中华人民共和国气象法 |
| (Adopted at the 12th Meeting of the Standing Committee of the Ninth National People's Congress on October 31, 1999; amended for the first time at the 10th session of the Standing Committee of the 11th National People's Congress on August 27, 2009 according to the Decision of the Standing Committee of the National People's Congress on Amending Some Laws; and amended for the second time at the 10th session of the Standing Committee of the 12th National People's Congress on August 31, 2014 according to the Decision of the Standing Committee of the National People's Congress on Amending Five Laws Including the Insurance Law of the People's Republic of China) | | （1999年10月31日第九届全国人民代表大会常务委员会第十二次会议通过 根据2009年8月27日第十一届全国人民代表大会常务委员会第十次会议《关于修改部分法律的决定》第一次修正 根据2014年8月31日第十二届全国人民代表大会常务委员会第十次会议《关于修改〈中华人民共和国保险法〉等五部法律的决定》第二次修正） |
| Contents | | 目录 |
| Chapter I General Provisions | | 第一章 总则 |
| Chapter II Construction and Management of Meteorological Facilities | | 第二章 气象设施的建设与管理 |
| Chapter III Meteorological Observation | | 第三章 气象探测 |
| Chapter IV Meteorological Forecast and Severe Weather Warning | | 第四章 气象预报与灾害性天气警报 |
| Chapter V Prevention of Meteorological Disasters | | 第五章 气象灾害防御 |
| Chapter VI Exploitation and Protection of Climatic Resources | | 第六章 气候资源开发利用和保护 |
| Chapter VII Legal Responsibility | | 第七章 法律责任 |
| Chapter VIII Supplementary Provisions | | 第八章 附则 |
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| Chapter I General Provisions | | 第一章 总 则 |
| Article 1 This Law is enacted for the purpose of developing meteorological service, standardizing meteorological activities, ensuring the accurate and timely issue of meteorological forecast, preventing meteorological disasters, properly exploiting and effectively protecting climatic resources, and providing meteorological services for economic development, national defense, social development and people's well-being. | | 第一条 为了发展气象事业，规范气象工作，准确、及时地发布气象预报，防御气象灾害，合理开发利用和保护气候资源，为经济建设、国防建设、社会发展和人民生活提供气象服务，制定本法。 |
| Article 2 This Law shall be observed by units and individuals that engage in meteorological observation, forecasting, services, prevention of meteorological disasters, exploitation of climatic resources and research in meteorological science and technology, which are carried out in the territory of the People's Republic of China and the sea areas under the jurisdiction of the People's Republic of China. | | 第二条 在中华人民共和国领域和中华人民共和国管辖的其他海域从事气象探测、预报、服务和气象灾害防御、气候资源利用、气象科学技术研究等活动，应当遵守本法。 |
| Article 3 Meteorological service is a basic public welfare service for economic development, national defense, social development and people's wellbeing. Public welfare meteorological services shall be the first priority in meteorological work. | | 第三条 气象事业是经济建设、国防建设、社会发展和人民生活的基础性公益事业，气象工作应当把公益性气象服务放在首位。 |
| People's governments at or above the county level shall strengthen their leadership over and coordination of meteorological activities, and incorporate meteorological service into the national economic and social development plans and fiscal budgets of the central and local governments in order to ensure their full function in the service of the general public, in government decision-making and in economic development. | | 县级以上人民政府应当加强对气象工作的领导和协调，将气象事业纳入中央和地方同级国民经济和社会发展计划及财政预算，以保障其充分发挥为社会公众、政府决策和经济发展服务的功能。 |
| Local meteorological projects initiated by local people's governments at or above the county level to meet the needs of local social and economic development shall mainly be financed by the said governments themselves. | | 县级以上地方人民政府根据当地社会经济发展的需要所建设的地方气象事业项目，其投资主要由本级财政承担。 |
| On condition that unpaid public welfare meteorological services are guaranteed, meteorological offices and stations may provide paid meteorological services in accordance with law. | | 气象台站在确保公益性气象无偿服务的前提下，可以依法开展气象有偿服务。 |
| Article 4 Meteorological offices and stations subordinate to the competent meteorological departments of counties or cities shall chiefly serve agricultural production, providing, on their own initiative and in a timely manner, public welfare meteorological information services needed by local agricultural production. | | 第四条 县、市气象主管机构所属的气象台站应当主要为农业生产服务，及时主动提供保障当地农业生产所需的公益性气象信息服务。 |
| Article 5 The competent meteorological department under the State Council is responsible for meteorological work nationwide. Local competent meteorological departments at different levels are responsible for meteorological work in their own administrative regions under the leadership of the competent meteorological departments at a higher level and the people's governments at the corresponding level. | | 第五条 国务院气象主管机构负责全国的气象工作。地方各级气象主管机构在上级气象主管机构和本级人民政府的领导下，负责本行政区域内的气象工作。 |
| Meteorological offices and stations subordinate to the other relevant departments under the State Council or under the people's governments of provinces, autonomous regions and municipalities directly under the Central Government shall be subject to guidance, supervision and professional management by the competent meteorological departments at the same level. | | 国务院其他有关部门和省、自治区、直辖市人民政府其他有关部门所属的气象台站，应当接受同级气象主管机构对其气象工作的指导、监督和行业管理。 |
| Article 6 Units and individuals that engage in meteorological activities shall comply with the meteorological technical standards, rules and regulations formulated by the State. | | 第六条 从事气象业务活动，应当遵守国家制定的气象技术标准、规范和规程。 |
| Article 7 The State encourages and supports research in and popularization of meteorological science and technology, trains meteorological professionals, spreads the use of advanced meteorological science and technology, protects the achievements scored in meteorological science and technology, increases international cooperation and exchange in the field of meteorology and develops the meteorological information industry, all in order to improve meteorological work. | | 第七条 国家鼓励和支持气象科学技术研究、气象科学知识普及，培养气象人才，推广先进的气象科学技术，保护气象科技成果，加强国际气象合作与交流，发展气象信息产业，提高气象工作水平。 |
| People's governments at various levels shall pay attention to and support the construction and operation of the meteorological offices and stations in areas inhabited by ethnic peoples, in outlying and poverty-stricken areas, in areas where life is hard, and on islands. | | 各级人民政府应当关心和支持少数民族地区、边远贫困地区、艰苦地区和海岛的气象台站的建设和运行。 |
| Units and individuals that make outstanding contributions in meteorological work shall be rewarded. | | 对在气象工作中做出突出贡献的单位和个人，给予奖励。 |
| Article 8 Meteorological activities that organizations and individuals of other countries wish to conduct in the territory of the People's Republic of China and the sea areas under the jurisdiction of the People's Republic of China shall be subject to approval by the competent meteorological department under the State Council in conjunction with relevant departments. | | 第八条 外国的组织和个人在中华人民共和国领域和中华人民共和国管辖的其他海域从事气象活动，必须经国务院气象主管机构会同有关部门批准。 |
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| Chapter II Construction and Management of Meteorological Facilities | | 第二章 气象设施的建设与管理 |
| Article 9 The competent meteorological department under the State Council shall make arrangements for relevant departments to work out plans for the construction of key meteorological facilities including meteorological observation instrumentation, transmission devices dedicated to meteorological information and specialized large meteorological equipment. These plans shall be submitted to the State Council for approval before they are implemented. Any readjustment or modification of the plans shall be submitted to the State Council for approval. | | 第九条 国务院气象主管机构应当组织有关部门编制气象探测设施、气象信息专用传输设施、大型气象专用技术装备等重要气象设施的建设规划，报国务院批准后实施。气象设施建设规划的调整、修改，必须报国务院批准。 |
| Plans for the construction of meteorological facilities shall be drawn up in conformity with the principles of a reasonable layout, efficient utilization, and full consideration of both immediate and future needs, so as to avoid duplicated construction. | | 编制气象设施建设规划，应当遵循合理布局、有效利用、兼顾当前与长远需要的原则，避免重复建设。 |
| Article 10 Before the proposals and feasibility reports for the construction of key meteorological facility projects are submitted for approval, these projects shall, depending on the limits of authority for examination and approval of such projects, be subject to examination and agreement by the competent meteorological department under the State Council, or by the competent meteorological departments of provinces, autonomous regions, or municipalities directly under the Central Government. | | 第十条 重要气象设施建设项目，在项目建议书和可行性研究报告报批前，应当按照项目相应的审批权限，经国务院气象主管机构或者省、自治区、直辖市气象主管机构审查同意。 |
| Article 11 The State protects meteorological facilities in accordance with law. No organizations or individuals may seize, damage or destroy meteorological facilities, or relocate them without authorization. | | 第十一条 国家依法保护气象设施，任何组织或者个人不得侵占、损毁或者擅自移动气象设施。 |
| In cases where meteorological facilities are damaged or destroyed due to force majeure, the local people's governments shall take emergency measures to have them repaired or replaced, in order to ensure their normal operation. | | 气象设施因不可抗力遭受破坏时，当地人民政府应当采取紧急措施，组织力量修复，确保气象设施正常运行。 |
| Article 12 No organizations or individuals may relocate meteorological offices or stations without legal approval. Where it is definitely necessary to relocate any national reference climatological stations or basic synoptic stations for the implementation of city planning or the construction of key national projects, the matter shall be subject to approval by the competent meteorological department under the State Council. Where it is necessary to relocate other meteorological offices or stations, the matter shall be subject to approval by the competent meteorological department of a province, autonomous region or municipality directly under the Central Government. The unit that needs such construction shall bear the expenses for the relocation and reconstruction. | | 第十二条 未经依法批准，任何组织或者个人不得迁移气象台站；确因实施城市规划或者国家重点工程建设，需要迁移国家基准气候站、基本气象站的，应当报经国务院气象主管机构批准；需要迁移其他气象台站的，应当报经省、自治区、直辖市气象主管机构批准。迁建费用由建设单位承担。 |
| Article 13 Specialized meteorological equipment shall meet the technical requirements specified by the competent meteorological department under the State Council and shall be subject to examination by the said department and its acceptance as qualified. No equipment that is not examined or accepted as qualified may be applied to meteorological operations. | | 第十三条 气象专用技术装备应当符合国务院气象主管机构规定的技术要求，并经国务院气象主管机构审查合格；未经审查或者审查不合格的，不得在气象业务中使用。 |
| Article 14 Instruments for meteorological measurement shall be subject to verification by the institutions for verification of such instruments in accordance with the relevant provisions of the Metrology Law of the People's Republic of China. No meteorological measurement instruments that are not verified, that are disqualified, or whose terms of validity have expired may be used. | | 第十四条 气象计量器具应当依照《中华人民共和国计量法》的有关规定，经气象计量检定机构检定。未经检定、检定不合格或者超过检定有效期的气象计量器具，不得使用。 |
| The competent meteorological department under the State Council and the competent meteorological departments of provinces, autonomous regions and municipalities directly under the Central Government may, where necessary, introduce standard instruments for meteorological measuring. The highest standard for each kind of measuring instruments shall be put into use only after it is tested and found to be qualified in accordance with the provisions of the Metrology Law of the People's Republic of China. | | 国务院气象主管机构和省、自治区、直辖市气象主管机构可以根据需要建立气象计量标准器具，其各项最高计量标准器具依照《中华人民共和国计量法》的规定，经考核合格后，方可使用。 |
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| Chapter III Meteorological Observation | | 第三章 气象探测 |
Article 15 Meteorological offices and stations subordinate to competent meteorological departments at various levels shall, in accordance with the regulations set by the competent meteorological department under the State Council take meteorological observation and report the collected data to the competent meteorological departments concerned. No meteorological observation may be discontinued without approval by the competent meteorological department at a higher level.
．．．．．． | | 第十五条 各级气象主管机构所属的气象台站，应当按照国务院气象主管机构的规定，进行气象探测并向有关气象主管机构汇交气象探测资料。未经上级气象主管机构批准，不得中止气象探测。
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