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| Notice of the State Council on Approving and Forwarding the Opinions of the National Development and Reform Commission on the Pivotal Work of Deepening the Reform of the Economic System in 2017 | | 国务院批转国家发展改革委关于2017年深化经济体制改革重点工作意见的通知 |
| (No. 27 [2017] of the State Council) | | （国发〔2017〕27号） |
| The people's governments of all provinces, autonomous regions, and municipalities directly under the Central Government; all ministries and commissions of the State Council; and all institutions directly under the State Council: | | 各省、自治区、直辖市人民政府，国务院各部委、各直属机构： |
| The State Council has ratified the Opinions of the National Development and Reform Commission on the Pivotal Work of Deepening the Reform of the Economic System in 2017 which are hereby forwarded to you for your conscientious implementation. | | 国务院同意国家发展改革委《关于2017年深化经济体制改革重点工作的意见》，现转发给你们，请认真贯彻执行。 |
| State Council | | 国务院 |
| April 13, 2017 | | 2017年4月13日 |
| Opinions on the Pivotal Work of Deepening the Reform of the Economic System in 2017 | | 关于2017年深化经济体制改革重点工作的意见 |
| (National Development and Reform Commission) | | （国家发展改革委） |
| The year 2017 is an important year for the implementation of the 13th Five-Year Plan and marks the deepening of the supply-side structural reform, and an effective reform of the economic system for the whole year is of great significance. In accordance with the arrangements for key annual work made by the Central Leading Group for Comprehensively Deepening Reform and the arrangements in the Government Work Report, the following opinions on the pivotal work of deepening the reform of the economic system in 2017 are hereby offered. | | 2017年是实施“十三五”规划的重要一年，是供给侧结构性改革的深化之年，做好全年经济体制改革工作意义重大。根据中央全面深化改革领导小组年度重点工作安排和《政府工作报告》部署，现就2017年深化经济体制改革重点工作提出以下意见。 |
| I. General requirements | | 一、总体要求 |
| Under the leadership of the CPC Central Committee with comrade Xi Jinping as the core, we shall uphold high the great banner of socialism with Chinese characteristics, fully implement the spirit of the 18th CPC National Congress and the Third, Fourth, Fifth and Sixth Plenary Sessions of the 18th CPC Central Committee, be guided by the Deng Xiaoping Theory, the important thoughts of "Three Represents" and the Scientific Outlook on Development, carry out in depth the spirit of a series of important speeches and new concepts, thoughts and strategies of managing state affairs of General Secretary Xi Jinping, advance the “Five-in-One” overall layout ("economic, political, cultural, social, and ecological progress") in an overall manner and the Four-Pronged Comprehensive Strategy in a coordinated manner, abide by the general work principle of seeking progress while keeping performance stable, firmly develop and implement the new development concept, adapt to, grasp and guide the new normal in China's economic development, adhere to setting the improvement of development quality and benefits as the center, stick to the policy thinking that macro policies should be stable, industry policies be precise, micro policies be flexible, reform policies be realistic and social policies be supportive, persist in making the advancement of the supply-side structural reform into the main thread, prioritize the helpfulness to add to the driving force for economic development, promote social fairness and justice, enhance the fulfillment of the people, and motivate officials and the people, and constantly deepen the reform of the economic system. We shall insist on the basic economic system, the direction of the reform of the socialist market economy, and expansion of opening up, comprehensively implement the reform tasks assigned by CPC Central Committee and the State Council since the 18th CPC National Congress, highlight the key and difficult points, highlight the reforms which have an impact on the whole picture, promote the precise implementation of the reform spirits, improve the overall effectiveness of the reforms, expand the scope of beneficiaries of the reforms, better use the catalyzing role of the reforms, more effectively solve the prominent conflicts and problems confronting social and economic development, effectively guide market expectations, enhance the inherent driving forces for development, promote the stable and sound economic development and social harmony and stability, and greet the victorious convening of the 19th CPC National Congress with outstanding performances. | | 在以习近平同志为核心的党中央领导下，高举中国特色社会主义伟大旗帜，全面贯彻党的十八大和十八届三中、四中、五中、六中全会精神，以邓小平理论、“三个代表”重要思想、科学发展观为指导，深入贯彻习近平总书记系列重要讲话精神和治国理政新理念新思想新战略，统筹推进“五位一体”总体布局和协调推进“四个全面”战略布局，坚持稳中求进工作总基调，牢固树立和贯彻落实新发展理念，适应把握引领经济发展新常态，坚持以提高发展质量和效益为中心，坚持宏观政策要稳、产业政策要准、微观政策要活、改革政策要实、社会政策要托底的政策思路，坚持以推进供给侧结构性改革为主线，以有利于增添经济发展动力、有利于促进社会公平正义、有利于增强人民群众获得感、有利于调动广大干部群众积极性的改革为重点，持续深化经济体制改革。要坚持基本经济制度，坚持社会主义市场经济改革方向，坚持扩大开放，全面落实党的十八大以来党中央、国务院部署的改革任务，突出重点难点，突出抓好牵一发动全身的改革，推动改革精准落地，提高改革整体效能，扩大改革受益面，更好发挥改革牵引作用，更好解决经济社会发展面临的突出矛盾和问题，有效引导市场预期，增强内生发展动力，促进经济平稳健康发展和社会和谐稳定，以优异成绩迎接党的十九大胜利召开。 |
| II. Constantly deepening the reform of the economic system with the supply-side structural reform as the main thread | | 二、以供给侧结构性改革为主线持续深化经济体制改革 |
| The ultimate purpose of the supply-side structural reform is to meet demands, the major work is to improve supply quality, and the fundamental path is to deepen the reforms. The relations between government and market, short-term and long-term objectives, addition and subtraction, and supply and demand shall be effectively handled, and the promotion of implementation of all reforms shall be accelerated. | | 供给侧结构性改革的最终目的是满足需求，主攻方向是提高供给质量，根本途径是深化改革。要处理好政府和市场的关系、短期和长期的关系、减法和加法的关系、供给和需求的关系，加快推动各项改革落地。 |
| "Reducing production capacity, de-stocking, de-leveraging, cutting costs, and fixing shortness" shall be advanced in depth by means of reform, and substantial progress in the five major tasks shall be promoted. Production capacity shall be solidly and effectively reduced. More market-oriented and law-based means shall be used to constantly promote steel, coal, coal-fired power and other industries in resolving excess production capacity, the laws, regulations and standards with regard to environmental protection, energy consumption, quality and safety, among others, shall be strictly observed, and the policies and market-oriented exiting mechanism of employee resettlement, liabilities disposition, and asset disposal, among others, shall be improved to ensure the smooth reemployment of employees. The measures for de-stocking shall be adopted based on the actual circumstances of each city. De-stocking and the promotion of urbanization shall be combined together, the residence character of housing shall be adhered to, the reform of the housing provident fund shall be advanced, the housing system taking purchase and rental into account shall be improved, public housing and other government-supported housing shall be constantly developed, the ratio of those resettled on a cash basis shall be raised based on the local conditions, in diversified manners, the cultivation and development of the home-rental market shall be accelerated, and the establishment and improvement of a permanent mechanism promoting the smooth, stable and sound development of the real estate market shall be accelerated. Leverage ratios shall be vigorously, steadily and properly lowered. The reduction of corporate leverage ratios shall be put at the top of the agenda, enterprises shall be prompted to revitalize their existing assets, asset securitization shall be advanced, market-oriented and law-based debt-equity swaps shall be supported, multiple-layer capital markets shall be developed, more efforts shall be made in equity financing, and the restrictions on the financial leverage of enterprises, especially state-owned enterprises shall be enhanced. Measures shall be adopted to reduce costs. The costs of real-economy enterprises shall be constantly cut by constantly, comprehensively adopting such measures as reduction of tax and fee burdens on enterprises, continuous and appropriate reduction of the ratios of contributions to "social security and housing provident fund" and reduction of the costs of energy and logistics. Precision efforts shall be taken to fix the weaknesses. The investment and financing system shall be innovated on, the basic industries and infrastructure, public utilities, public services and other fields shall be further opened, the market access to non-public economy shall be further relaxed, and the capability of support of public services, infrastructure, innovative development, and resources and environment, among others, shall be accelerated. Precision poverty alleviation shall be implemented in depth, and the poverty alleviation cooperation mechanism shall be innovated on. | | 用改革的办法深入推进“三去一降一补”，推动五大任务有实质性进展。扎实有效去产能。更多运用市场化法治化手段，持续推动钢铁、煤炭、煤电等行业化解过剩产能，严格执行环保、能耗、质量、安全等相关法律法规和标准，完善职工安置、债务处置、资产处理等政策及市场化退出机制，确保职工平稳转岗就业。因城施策去库存。把去库存和促进人口城镇化结合起来，坚持住房的居住属性，推进住房公积金制度改革，健全购租并举的住房制度，继续发展公租房等保障性住房，因地制宜、多种方式提高货币化安置比例，加快培育和发展住房租赁市场，加快建立和完善促进房地产市场平稳健康发展长效机制。积极稳妥去杠杆。把降低企业杠杆率作为重中之重，促进企业盘活存量资产，推进资产证券化，支持市场化法治化债转股，发展多层次资本市场，加大股权融资力度，强化企业特别是国有企业财务杠杆约束。多措并举降成本。通过减轻企业税费负担、继续适当降低“五险一金”有关缴费比例、降低制度性交易成本、降低用能和物流成本等措施，持续综合施策降低实体经济企业成本。精准加力补短板。创新投融资体制，进一步放开基础产业和基础设施、公用事业、公共服务等领域，进一步放宽非公有制经济市场准入，加快提升公共服务、基础设施、创新发展、资源环境等支撑能力。深入实施精准扶贫精准脱贫，创新扶贫协作机制。 |
| Government functions shall be constantly transformed, the market shall be ensured to play a decisive role in allocating resources, and the role of the government shall be better used. The simplification of administrative procedures, delegation of powers, combination of decentralization and control and optimization of services shall be made into an important content of the supply-side structural reform, and the effective institutional supply shall be constantly increased. More efforts in simplifying administrative procedures and delegating powers to lower levels shall be constantly made centering on the key fields and parts. It shall be ensured that whatever should be delegated is delegated and whatever is delegated is effectively delegated, the access threshold of the real economy, especially the manufacturing industry, shall be lowered, the checklist administration system shall be comprehensively implemented, the discretion of the government shall be minimized, and the independent choice of the markets shall be enhanced. Interim and ex-post supervision shall be strengthened centering on creating a fair competition environment, the social credit system shall be improved, a fair competition review system shall be comprehensively carried out, and the improvement of the market system with orderly competition shall be promoted. Centering on improving intelligence, convenience, fairness and accessibility, government services shall be optimized, and "Internet plus government services" shall be vigorously promoted so as to allow enterprises and the people to feel the achievements in the reform of simplifying administrative procedures, delegating powers to lower levels, combining decentralization with control and optimizing services, and accomplish "the last kilometer" in priority. | | 持续转变政府职能，坚持使市场在资源配置中起决定性作用和更好发挥政府作用。把简政放权、放管结合、优化服务改革作为供给侧结构性改革的重要内容，持续增加有效制度供给。围绕重点领域关键环节持续加大简政放权力度，做到该放则放、放而到位，降低实体经济特别是制造业的准入门槛，全面实行清单管理制度，减少政府的自由裁量权，增加市场的自主选择权。围绕营造公平竞争环境强化事中事后监管，完善社会信用体系，全面实施公平竞争审查制度，推动完善竞争有序的市场体系。围绕提高智能便捷、公平可及水平，优化政府服务，大力推行“互联网＋政务服务”，让企业和群众更多感受到“放管服”改革成效，着力打通“最后一公里”。 |
| The dynamism of market participants shall be enhanced, and the real economy shall be revitalized. With the improvement of quality, effectiveness and competitiveness as the center, leadership and upgrading of brands shall be adhered to, the quality improvement action shall be extensively conducted, comprehensive quality control shall be strengthened, a quality competition mechanism for the survival of the fittest shall be improved, the capability of innovation on supply shall be fully bettered, and the transformation and upgrading of the real economy shall be led by innovation. Reform of state-owned enterprises and the key industries shall be advanced, industrial monopoly and regional protectionism shall be removed, the property right protection system shall be improved, and the entrepreneurial spirit shall be sparked and protected. The cultivation and growth of new economic development momentum shall be accelerated, the rules for monitoring the emerging industries shall be developed, the sound development of the emerging industries shall be guided and promoted, the market dynamism and social creativity shall be further triggered, and the inherent driving force of micro participants shall be enhanced. Traditional industries shall be vigorously retrofitted and improved, the capability of enterprises to respond to and make adjustment based on the change of market demand shall be bettered, incentives shall be strengthened, innovation shall be encouraged, and the resource allocation efficiency and total factor productivity shall be raised. | | 增强市场主体活力，着力振兴实体经济。以提高质量、效益和竞争力为中心，坚持品牌引领升级，广泛开展质量提升行动，加强全面质量管理，健全优胜劣汰质量竞争机制，全面提高创新供给能力，以创新引领实体经济转型升级。推进国有企业和重点行业改革，打破行业垄断和地方保护，完善产权保护制度，激发和保护企业家精神。加快培育壮大经济发展新动能，制定新兴产业监管规则，引导和促进新兴产业健康发展，进一步激发市场活力和社会创造力，增强微观主体内生动力。大力改造提升传统产业，增强企业对市场需求变化的反应和调整能力，加强激励，鼓励创新，提高资源配置效率和全要素生产率。 |
| The life of the people shall be ensured and improved, and the realization of shared development shall be promoted. Employment policies shall be improved, the income distribution and social security systems and mechanisms shall be optimized, the reforms in education, medicine and health, culture, and social governance, etc. shall be accelerated, the security net guaranteeing people's life shall be consolidated, the quality and level of the supply of social undertaking and public services shall be further improved or raised, new urbanization and the innovation on the urban-rural integration system shall be accelerated, and the new exceptions of the people for a better life shall be constantly fulfilled. | | 保障和改善民生，推动实现共享发展。完善就业政策，优化收入分配和社会保障体制机制，加快教育、医药卫生、文化、社会治理等领域改革，织密扎牢民生保障网，进一步提高社会事业和公共服务供给质量和水平，加快新型城镇化和城乡一体化体制创新，不断满足人民群众对美好生活的新期待。 |
| III. Deepening the reform of simplifying administrative procedures, combining decentralization with control, and optimizing services | | 三、深化“放管服”改革 |
| The reduction and delegation of powers shall be promoted with checklist administration. A checklist of the powers and responsibilities of the departments of the State Council shall be developed, and the standardization and regulation of administrative approval shall be advanced. A list in the aspect of vocational qualifications, administrative approval intermediary services, and government pricing and charges, among others, shall be developed, a group of production and service permits shall be reviewed and canceled, and the shift to the prevailing international product certification management shall be accelerated. The reform of the business system shall be deepened, a list of business permits for enterprises after establishment shall be developed, certificates shall be integrated into one, and the pilot program of the reform of "separation of permits from business licenses" shall be expanded. The expansion of the pilot program of market access negative lists shall be accelerated in order to create conditions for the comprehensive implementation of the market access negative list system in 2018. | | 以清单管理推动减权放权。制定国务院部门权力和责任清单，推进行政审批标准化、规范化。制定职业资格、行政审批中介服务、政府定价收费等方面清单。清理取消一批生产和服务许可证，加快向国际通行的产品认证管理转变。深化商事制度改革，制定企业设立后的经营许可清单，实行多证合一，扩大“证照分离”改革试点。加快扩大市场准入负面清单试点，为2018年全面实施市场准入负面清单制度创造条件。 |
| The interim and ex-post supervision system shall be improved. The full coverage of supervision through inspections of randomly selected entities by randomly selected inspectors and the public release of inspection results shall be realized, interim and ex-post supervision shall be enhanced, and the pertinence and effectiveness of interim and ex-post supervision shall be improved so as to ensure fair market competition. Comprehensive administrative law enforcement shall be advanced, and the cross-departmental, trans-regional law enforcement cooperation mechanism shall be improved. The interconnection between the information systems of the departments of the State Council and the local governments shall be accelerated so as to set up a unified national government service platform. The establishment of a social credit system shall be advanced, the role of the national credit information sharing platform shall be fully utilized, an inter-government departmental collaborative supervision and joint reward and punishment mechanism shall be established and improved, and the national enterprise credit information publication system shall be bettered so as to enhance credit supervision. An enterprise standard pacemaker system shall be established and improved, group standards shall be vigorously cultivated and developed, more standards in emerging industries shall be supplied, the product quality traceability system shall be completed, and the development of a punitive compensation system shall be promoted. The food and drug safety supervision systems and mechanisms shall be improved. | | 完善事中事后监管制度。实现“双随机、一公开”监管全覆盖，加大事中事后监管力度，提高事中事后监管的针对性和有效性，保障市场公平竞争。推进综合行政执法，健全跨部门、跨区域执法协作机制。加快国务院部门和地方政府信息系统互联互通，形成全国统一政务服务平台。推进社会信用体系建设，充分发挥全国信用信息共享平台作用，建立健全政府部门间协同监管和联合奖惩机制，完善国家企业信用信息公示系统，加强信用监管。建立健全企业标准领跑者制度，大力培育发展团体标准，增加新兴产业标准供给，完善产品质量追溯体系，推动建立惩罚性赔偿制度。完善食品药品安全监管体制机制。 |
| The mode for the government to allocate resources shall be innovated on. The guiding opinions as to innovation on the mode of resources allocation by the government shall be implemented, the reform of the system of non-gratuitous use of natural resources owned by the whole people shall be deepened, a list and catalog of public resources shall be complied, the inclusion of the trading of public resources in a unified platform shall be promoted, and the efficiency and benefits of public resource allocation shall be improved. The reform of the official car system shall be comprehensively completed. | | 创新政府配置资源方式。落实关于创新政府配置资源方式的指导意见，深化全民所有自然资源资产有偿使用制度改革，建立公共资源目录清单，推动公共资源纳入统一平台交易，提高公共资源配置效率和效益。全面完成公务用车制度改革。 |
| The reform of the investment and financing system shall be constantly deepened. The opinions on deepening the reform of the investment and financing system shall be implemented, the pilot program of an enterprise investment commitment system shall be conducted within certain fields and regions, the role of planning policies in regulating and guiding investment shall be used, and an administration mode with the guidance of policy conditions, enterprise credit commitment, and effective restraint by supervision as its core shall be explored and innovated. The regulation on government investment shall be issued. The sustainable and sound development of venture capital shall be promoted. Public-private partnership (PPP) shall be vigorously promoted. The incentive policies that the government supports railway and other major public-welfare infrastructure constructions shall be made without delay. | | 持续深化投融资体制改革。落实关于深化投融资体制改革的意见，在一定领域、区域内先行试点企业投资项目承诺制，发挥规划政策对投资的规范引导作用，探索创新以政策性条件引导、企业信用承诺、监管有效约束为核心的管理模式。出台政府投资条例。促进创业投资持续健康发展。大力推行政府和社会资本合作（PPP）模式。抓紧制定政府支持铁路等重大公益性基础设施建设和运营优惠政策。 |
| The price reform shall be deepened. The pilot program of the first-round reform of the prices of power transmission and distribution of provincial-level power grids shall be accomplished in an all-round manner, the prices of power transmission of regional power grids and cross-provincial or cross-regional power grids shall be reasonably verified and fixed, and all the local governments shall be guided in setting the prices of power distribution of local power grids and newly increased power grids. The reform of prices of natural gas shall be deepened. The comprehensive reform of the water prices in agriculture shall be fully advanced. The reform of the prices of medical services shall be continuous advanced, the reform of the prices of drugs of urban public hospitals shall be comprehensively promoted, and the charges based on the types of diseases shall conducted in depth. The measures for the supervision and review of the pricing and costs of transportation by ordinary passenger trains shall be developed and issued. The reform of the fares for transportation of passengers by land and domestic airlines shall be deepened. Enterprise-related charges shall be reviewed and regulated in depth. The price administration system shall be improved, and the rules for government pricing, the measures for pricing hearing, the measures for the administration of administrative fee rates, etc., shall be revised. | | 深化价格改革。全面完成省级电网输配电价首轮改革试点，合理核定区域电网和跨省跨区电网输电价格，指导各地制定地方电网和新增配电网配电价格。深化天然气价格改革。全面推进农业水价综合改革。继续推进医疗服务价格改革，全面推开城市公立医院医药价格改革，深入开展按病种收费工作。制定出台普通旅客列车运输定价成本监审办法。深化道路客运、民航国内航线旅客票价改革。深入开展涉企收费清理规范。完善价格管理制度，修订政府定价行为规则、价格听证办法、行政事业性收费标准管理办法等规章制度。 |
| IV. Advancing in depth the reform of state-owned enterprises and assets | | 四、深入推进国企国资改革 |
The implementation of "one major document plus multiple supporting ones" on the reform of state-owned enterprises shall be comprehensively advanced. With the improvement of the quality and profits of state-owned enterprises as the core, breakthroughs shall be made in the key aspects, and the core competitiveness of state-owned enterprises shall be enhanced. The corporate system reform of state-owned enterprises shall be roughly completed, diversity in equities at the level of central enterprise groups shall be explored, the establishment of board of directors shall be advanced, and a governance structure of corporate legal persons featuring effective checks and balances and a flexible and efficient market-oriented operating mechanism shall be established. The merger and restructuring of central enterprises shall be advanced in depth, the slimming, consolidation and improvement of quality and profits of state-owned enterprises shall be prompted constantly, the principal business shall be further highlighted, social functions shall be separated without delay, and historical issues shall be solved. The supervision of state-owned assets shall be improved and strengthened, and the maintenance and appreciation of state-owned assets shall be realized. The promotion of the pilot program of the reform of investment of state-owned capital and operation companies shall be accelerated. The combination of the principle of the management of officials by the party and the establishment of board of directors in accordance with the law, the selection of management personnel by the board of directors in accordance with the law and the exercise of the personnel power by the management in accordance with the law shall be adhered to, and a classified and hierarchical management system of leaders of central enterprises shall be explored and established. The opinions on the reform of the state-owned enterprise employee remuneration determination mechanism shall be researched and developed, and the pilot program of the reform of the state-owned enterprise professional manager remuneration system shall be launched. The special work plan for deepening the reform of state-owned enterprises in northeast China shall be made and implemented.
．．．．．． | | 全面推进国企改革“1＋N”文件落地见效。以提高国有企业质量和效益为中心，抓住关键环节实施突破，增强国有企业核心竞争力。基本完成国有企业公司制改革，探索在中央企业集团层面实行股权多元化，推进董事会建设，形成有效制衡的公司法人治理结构、灵活高效的市场化经营机制。深入推进中央企业兼并重组，持续推进国有企业瘦身健体、提质增效，进一步突出主业，抓紧剥离办社会职能，解决历史遗留问题。改善和加强国有资产监管，实现国有资产保值增值。加快推动国有资本投资、运营公司改革试点。坚持党管干部原则与董事会依法产生、董事会依法选择经营管理者、经营管理者依法行使用人权相结合，探索建立中央企业领导人员分类分层管理制度。研究制定改革国有企业工资决定机制的意见，启动国有企业职业经理人薪酬制度改革试点。制定实施深化东北地区国有企业改革专项工作方案。
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