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Intellectual Property Protection by Chinese Courts in 2011
中国法院知识产权司法保护状况(2011年)
【法宝引证码】

Intellectual Property Protection by Chinese Courts in 2011 中国法院知识产权司法保护状况(2011年)

The Supreme People's Court,
the People's Republic of China
April 2012, Beijing
 
(中华人民共和国最高人民法院 2012年4月北京)

Special Remarks:
 
特别说明:

This paper is published in both Chinese and English. The Chinese version shall be the authoritative version for interpretation purposes.
 
《中国法院知识产权司法保护状况(2011年)》以中英两种文本发布,以中文文本为准

 
Contents: 目录

 
Introduction 前言

 
Adjudicated according to Law and Focused on Delivery of Justice 一、依法履行审判职责,始终抓好执法办案第一要务

 
Served the Overall Interests of the Party and the Country and Implemented the National Intellectual Property Strategy 二、立足党和国家工作大局,始终贯彻实施国家知识产权战略

 
Strengthened the foundation of basic-level courts, unified application of law, and focused on adjudication supervision and operational guidance 三、夯实基层基础,统一法律适用尺度,始终注重审判监督和业务指导工作

 
Strengthened the adjudication team and focused on quality 四、加强知识产权审判队伍建设,始终重视提高队伍素质

 
Conclusion 结束语

 
中国法院知识产权司法保护状况(2011年)

 
Introduction 前言

As the national adjudication authorities, the people's courts are a cornerstone in protection system for China's intellectual property rights. They are irreplaceable in many aspects: regulating intellectual property relationships, safeguarding the lawful rights of intellectual property owners, punishing infringers, and maintaining the order of our socialist market economy. Last year was the first year of the 12th five-year plan period, during which accelerated progress was made in improving the socialist rule of law, and major strides taken in the judicial protection of intellectual property. Under the strong leadership of the Party Central Committee, headed by Secretary General Hu Jintao, and the effective supervision of the people's congresses and their standing committees of all levels, the people's courts adapted to emerging demands after the formation of a Chinese socialist legal system, discharged their constitutional and legal duties of intellectual property adjudication, and achieved the Three Key Tasks of social conflict resolution, development of innovative social administration practices, and enforcement of law in a fair and honest manner. The people's courts have also improved their level of competence and quality of adjudication, increased public confidence in the judiciary, furthered judicial protection of intellectual property, and facilitated innovation and advancement in technology.
 
人民法院作为国家审判机关,充分发挥司法保护知识产权的主导作用,在依法调整知识产权关系、维护知识产权权利人合法权益、惩治侵犯知识产权犯罪和维护社会主义市场经济秩序等方面,负有重要神圣职责。2011年是“十二五”时期的开局之年,是社会主义法治建设加快推进的重要一年,是人民法院知识产权司法事业取得长足进步的一年。人民法院在以胡锦涛同志为总书记的党中央坚强领导下,在全国各级人民代表大会及其常委会有力监督下,适应中国特色社会主义法律体系形成后的新要求,忠实履行宪法和法律赋予的知识产权审判职责,深入推进社会矛盾化解、社会管理创新、公正廉洁执法三项重点工作,依法公正高效廉洁司法,着力提升队伍素质、审判质量和司法公信力,各项知识产权司法工作取得新进展,为推动经济发展、文化繁荣和科技创新做出了积极努力。

Wang Shengjun, President of the Supreme People's Court, has said that adjudication of intellectual property is increasingly important as the economy grows and the society modernizes. In recent years, intellectual property is a major priority for the people's courts of all levels. The courts have pursued judicial activism, focused on delivering key tasks as determined by the central government and have served the overall interests of the country. They have developed innovative approaches, improved judicial ethics and built professional capacity. In doing so, the people's courts have contributed significantly to China's economic and social development and to its innovative endeavours.
 
关于2011年人民法院知识产权审判工作,正如最高人民法院院长王胜俊所指出的:随着经济社会的发展,知识产权审判工作的地位和作用越来越重要。近年来,各级人民法院高度重视这项工作,坚持能动司法,围绕中心,服务大局,坚持开拓创新,大胆探索,坚持队伍业务两手抓,为我国经济社会发展和建设创新型国家作出了重大贡献。

 
I.Adjudicated according to Law and Focused on Delivery of Justice 一、依法履行审判职责,始终抓好执法办案第一要务

In 2011, the primary focus of the people's courts for intellectual property matters continued to be adjudication. Among the courts' many responsibilities, adjudication was the top priority. The people's courts adjudicated cases fairly and efficiently, ensured that facts are properly determined, laws correctly applied and decisions complied with judicial policies, tried to balance legal outcomes and social effect, improved  the quality and efficiency of adjudication, and increased public confidence in intellectual property adjudication.
 
2011年,人民法院知识产权司法保护工作始终坚持以执法办案为第一要务,将案件审理工作作为各项工作的重中之重,依法公正高效审理各类案件,在案件审理中始终严把事实认定关、法律适用关和司法政策关,努力实现法律效果和社会效果的统一,案件审理的质量和效率得到进一步提高,知识产权司法公信力得到进一步提升。

—Civil Trials as the dominant method for intellectual protection
In 2011, the people's courts had focused on using civil hearings for intellectual property matters. Civil hearing was a dominant method for intellectual property protection. Greater intellectual property protection on the part of the people's courts has helped curb infringing activities, safeguard the interests of owners of intellectual property, and create an environment conducive for innovation. By defining a reasonable scope and level of protection, the people's courts aimed to prevent abuse of intellectual property, facilitate dissemination and application of knowledge and promote innovation. Additionally, this will level the playing field, realize the market value of intellectual property, and encourage use of intellectual property to increase productivity and competitiveness.
Strengthening of intellectual property protection took place in many forms to accomplish multiple goals: patent protection, to encourage indigenous innovation and improve state core competitiveness; trademark protection, to cultivate home-grown brands and jumpstart the brand-driven growth; copyright protection, to foster creation of new business models and development of creative industries; and competition protection, to improve market structure and ensure fair play.
In 2011, the number of first instance civil intellectual property cases accepted and disposed by local courts grew by 38.86% and 39.51% to 59,612 and 58,201 respectively. Among the cases accepted in 2011, 7,819 were patent cases, up 35.16% year-on-year; 12,991 were trademark cases, up 53.56% year-on-year; 35,185 were copyright cases, up 42.34% year-on-year; 557 were technology contract cases, down 16.87% year-on-year; 1137 were competition cases (18 were monopoly-related), up 0.53% year-on-year; and 2,193 were other intellectual property cases, up 11.55% year-on-year. Among the cases disposed in 2011, 1,321 involved foreign parties, down by 3.51% year-on-year; and 635 involved Hong Kong, Macau or Taiwan parties, up 128.42% year-on-year.
In 2011, civil intellectual property cases of second instance accepted and concluded rose 17.17% and 18.18% to 7,642 and 7,659 (including cases carried over from previous years); new and concluded reopened cases (zaishen cases) grew by 164.86% and 105.50% to 294 and 224; cases accepted and concluded by the Supreme People's Court (SPC) totalled 305 and 311 (including cases carried over from previous years), among which 255 were reopened cases and 262 were concluded (including cases carried over from previous years).
 
--始终注重发挥知识产权民事审判在保护知识产权中的主导作用。2011年,人民法院始终高度重视知识产权民事案件的审理工作,切实发挥民事审判在保护知识产权中的主导作用。在案件审理中,人民法院通过依法加大知识产权保护力度,制止各类知识产权侵权行为,保障知识产权权利人利益的充分实现,维护生机勃勃的创新机制。同时,通过科学界定知识产权保护范围和合理确定保护强度,防止知识产权滥用,促进知识传播和运用,拓展创新空间,构建公平合理的发展环境,使知识产权的市场价值和竞争优势转化为现实生产力和市场竞争力。围绕促进自主创新能力和国家核心竞争力的提高,不断加强专利权保护;围绕促进自主品牌的形成和品牌经济的发展,不断加强商业标志权益保护;围绕促进新商业模式的发展和文化创意产业的繁荣,不断加强著作权保护;围绕完善市场结构和维护公平竞争,不断加强对公平竞争的保护。全国地方人民法院共新收和审结知识产权民事一审案件59612件和58201件,同比分别增长38.86%和39.51%。其中,新收专利案件7819件,比上年增长35.16%;商标案件12991件,比上年增长53.56%;著作权案件35185件,比上年增长42.34%;技术合同案件557件,比上年下降16.87%;不正当竞争案件1137件(其中垄断民事一审案件18件),比上年上升0.53%;其他知识产权案件2193件,比上年增长11.55%。共审结涉外知识产权民事一审案件1321件,同比下降3.51%;审结涉港澳台知识产权民事一审案件635件,同比增长128.42%。共新收和审结知识产权民事二审案件7642件和7659件(含旧存),同比分别增长17.17%和18.18%;共新收和审结再审案件294件和224件,同比分别增长164.86%和105.50%。2011年,最高人民法院新收和审结知识产权民事案件305件和311件(含旧存),其中新收申请再审案件255件,审结262件(含旧存)。

There was also improvement in adjudication quality and efficiency. The close rate of civil intellectual property cases of first instance at the local courts rose from 86.39% in 2010 to 87.61% in 2011; appeal rate fell from 49.65% in 2010 to 47.02% in 2011; reopen (zaishen) rate increased from 0.27% in 2010 to 0.51% in 2011; and remand for retrial (chongshen) rate decreased from 4.57% in 2010 to 3.66% in 2011. The percentage of civil intellectual property cases of first instance concluded within time limit increased from 97.93% in 2010 to 98.57% in 2011.
 
案件审判质量和效率进一步提高。全国地方人民法院知识产权民事案件一审结案率从2010年的86.39%上升到2011年的87.61%;上诉率从2010年的49.65%下降到2011年的47.02%;再审率从2010年的0.27%上升到2011年的0.51%;上诉案件改判发回重审率从2010年的4.57%下降到2011年的3.66%。全国地方人民法院知识产权一审民事案件审限内结案率由2010年的97.93%上升到2011年的98.57%。

The people's courts were prudent in handling applications for preliminary injunction in intellectual property cases. In 2011, 130 applications for preliminary injunction were admitted, and 98.23% were approved; 186 applications for pre-trial preservation of evidence were admitted, and 93.42% were approved. To reduce the burden of proof on the part of the applicant, the people's courts were supportive in granting pre-trial preservation of evidence in accordance with law. In 2011, 20 applications for pre-trial preservation of property were admitted, and 100% were approved.
 
全国各级人民法院依法慎重受理与知识产权有关的诉前临时禁令申请案件,共计130件,裁定支持率98.23%;受理诉前证据保全申请案件186件,裁定支持率93.42%。注意依法积极采取证据保全措施,切实减轻当事人的举证负担。受理诉前财产保全申请案件20件,裁定支持率100%。

High-profile cases included Gree Electric Appliances Inc. of Zhuhai v. Guangdong Midea Air-Conditioning Equipment Co., Ltd, and Zhuhai Taifeng Electric Appliances Co., Ltd (patent infringement), Guangzhou Hongtaiyang Auto Components Co., Ltd. v. Anhui Jianghuai Automobile Group Co., Ltd and Anhui Jianghuai Automobile Co., Ltd (infringement of the exclusive right to use registered trademark), E-Land International Fashion (Shanghai) Co. v. Zhejiang Taobao Network Co., Ltd. and Du Guofa (trademark infringement), Société Civile de Ch?teau Lafite Rothschild v. Shenzhen Jinhongde Trade Co., Ltd. and Health Industry Development Co., Ltd. under Hunan Biological & Pharmaceutical Group (infringement of the exclusive right to use registered trademark and unfair competition), Tencent Technology (Shenzhen) Co., Ltd. and Shenzhen Tencent Computer System Company Limited, v. Beijing Qihoo Technology Ltd., Beijing Sanji Wuxian Network Technology Co., Ltd., and Qizhi Software (Beijing) Co., Ltd. (unfair competition), Beijing Kaixinren Information Technology Co., Ltd v. Beijng Qianxiang Hulian Technology Development Co., Ltd. and Beijing Qianxiang Wangjing Technology Development Co., Ltd. (unfair competition).
 
产生较大社会影响的案件有珠海格力电器股份有限公司与广东美的制冷设备有限公司、珠海市泰锋电业有限公司发明专利权纠纷案,广州市红太阳机动车配件有限公司与安徽江淮汽车集团有限公司、安徽江淮汽车股份有限公司确认不侵犯商标专用权纠纷案,衣念(上海)时装贸易有限公司诉浙江淘宝网络有限公司、杜国发侵害商标权纠纷案,尚杜?拉菲特罗兹施德民用公司与深圳市金鸿德贸易有限公司、湖南生物医药集团健康产业发展有限公司侵犯商标专用权、不正当竞争纠纷案,腾讯科技(深圳)有限公司、深圳市腾讯计算机系统有限公司与北京奇虎科技有限公司、北京三际无限网络科技有限公司、奇智软件(北京)有限公司不正当竞争纠纷案,北京开心人信息技术有限公司与北京千橡互联科技发展有限公司、北京千橡网景科技发展有限公司不正当竞争纠纷案等。

—Supervised and Reviewed intellectual property-related administrative decisions and supported the intellectual property-related responsibilities of administrative authorities
The people's courts adjudicated administrative cases (disputes with administrative authorities) fairly and efficiently, and promoted substantive resolution of intellectual property-related administrative disputes. In 2011, the local courts accepted 2,433 intellectual property-related administrative cases of first instance, 6.06% less than previous year, and closed 2,470 such cases, 3.30% more than previous year. Of those accepted, 654 were patent cases, up 18.69% year-on-year; 1,767 were trademark cases, down 12.78% year-on-year; 2 were copyright cases, unchanged from the previous year; 10 were other intellectual property cases. In 2011, SPC accepted 102 intellectual property-related administrative cases and concluded 101. Of those concluded, 73 cases or 72.28% were dismissed; 20 cases or 19.80% were issued tishen orders (similar to certiorari), 3 cases or 2.97% were ordered to reopen (zaishen); 3 cases or 2.97% were withdrawn; 1 case or 0.99% involved issuance of written instructions to a lower court (fahan); 1 case or 0.99% through other methods. SPC reviewed 13 tishen cases and concluded 11. Of those concluded, 1 or 9.09% was affirmed; 10 or 90.91% were reversed.
 
--始终履行好知识产权行政审判监督和支持知识产权行政执法的职能作用。2011年,人民法院依法公正高效审理行政案件,不断促进知识产权行政争议实质性解决。2011年,全国地方人民法院新收一审知识产权行政案件2433件,同比下降6.06%;审结2470件,同比上升3.30%。其中,新收专利案件654件,同比上升18.69%;商标案件1767件,同比下降12.78%;著作权案件2件,与2010年相同;其他案件10件。最高人民法院知识产权庭新收和审结知识产权行政申诉案件102件和101件。在审结的案件中,驳回73件,占72.28%;裁定提审20件,占19.80%;裁定指令再审3件,占2.97%;撤诉3件,占2.97%;发函1件,占0.99%;其他结案方式1件。最高人民法院新收和审结知识产权行政提审案件13件和11件。在审结的案件中,维持1件,占9.09%;改判10件,占90.91%。

The number of first instance cases involving foreign parties or Hong Kong, Macao or Taiwan parties increased substantially to 1,237, representing 50.08% of the concluded intellectual property-related administrative cases of first instance; 986 of the above cases involved foreign parties, 116 Hong Kong parties, 3 Macao parties and 132 Taiwan parties.
 
一审涉外、涉港澳台知识产权行政案件大幅上升,共计1237件,占知识产权行政一审结案的50.08%。其中,审结涉外知识产权行政一审案件986件,涉港案件116件,涉澳案件3件,涉台案件132件。

There was also a drastic increase in intellectual property-related administrative cases of second instance. The number of cases accepted and concluded by the local courts was 1,333 and 1,266 respectively. Of the concluded cases, 1,134 were affirmed, 67 reversed, 3 remanded for retrial (chongshen), 42 withdrawn, 14 dismissed; in 2 other cases, the original ruling was revoked and a new order issued to docket the case for hearing; 4 other cases were disposed of through other methods.
 
二审知识产权行政案件数量增幅较大。全国地方人民法院新收知识产权行政二审案件1333件,审结1266件,其中维持原裁判1134件,改判67件,发回重审3件,撤诉42件,驳回14件,撤销原裁定指令立案审理2件,其他结案方式4件。

High profile cases included Wei Tingjian and T.C. Pharmaceutical Industries Co., Ltd v. Trademark Review and Adjudication Board of the State Administration for Industry and Commerce (administrative dispute over reconsideration decision on trademark cancellation), Beijing Resources Double-crane Pharmaceutical Co., Ltd. and Xiangbei Welman Pharmaceutical Co., Ltd. v. Patent Re-examination Board of the State Intellectual Property Office (administrative dispute over patent invalidation), France Castel Frères  SAS v. Trademark Review and Adjudication Board of the State Administration for Industry and Commerce and Li Daozhi (administrative dispute relating to a review decision on trademark revocation).
 
产生较大社会影响的案件有韦廷建与天丝医药保健有限公司、国家工商行政管理总局商标评审委员会商标撤销复审决定行政纠纷案,北京双鹤药业股份有限公司与湘北威尔曼制药有限公司、国家知识产权局专利复审委员会发明专利权无效行政纠纷案,法国卡斯特兄弟股份有限公司与中华人民共和国国家工商行政管理总局商标评审委员会、李道之商标撤销复审行政纠纷案等。

—Punished and deterred infringement of intellectual property with criminal sanctions
To punish and deter infringement of intellectual property effectively, the people's courts stepped up criminal enforcement of intellectual property, and actively participated in the special action against intellectual property infringement and production and sale of counterfeit and sub-standard products.
In 2011, the number of intellectual property-related criminal cases of first instance increased considerably. New filings increased by 42.96% to 5,707. The new filings included 3,134 intellectual property infringement cases (2,417 involved registered trademarks, such as use of counterfeit marks), up 142.19% year-on-year; 774 were intellectual property infringement cases involving the crime of production and sale of sub-standard products, up 29.87% year-on-year; 1,747 were intellectual property infringement cases involving the crime of illegal business operations, down 15.93% year-on-year; 52 were cases of other nature.
 
--始终重视充分发挥知识产权刑事审判惩治和震慑侵犯知识产权犯罪的职能作用。2011年,人民法院进一步加大知识产权刑事司法保护力度,积极参与打击侵犯知识产权和制售假冒伪劣商品专项行动,知识产权刑事审判惩治和震慑侵犯知识产权犯罪的功能得到有效发挥。一审知识产权刑事案件增幅较大,全国地方人民法院新收一审案件5707件,同比上升42.96%。其中侵犯知识产权罪3134件(假冒注册商标等侵犯注册商标案件2417件),同比上升142.19%;生产、销售伪劣商品罪案件中涉及侵犯知识产权的774件,同比上升29.87%;非法经营罪案件中涉及侵犯知识产权的1747件,同比下降15.93%;其他案件52件。

Intellectual property-related criminal cases of first instance concluded by the local courts rose 39.62% to 5,504. Persons against whom judgments were effective totalled 10,055, including 7,892 who were given criminal sanctions: 2,967 were criminal cases involving infringement of intellectual property and 5,384 offenders were sentenced in effective judgments, up by 136.60% and 173.86% year-on-year; 750 were criminal cases of production and sale of sub-standard products (involving intellectual property infringement) and 1,509 offenders were sentenced in effective judgments; 1,735 were criminal case of illegal business operation (involving intellectual property infringement) and 3,032 offenders were sentenced in effective judgments; 52 were criminal case of other nature but also involving intellectual property infringement and 130 offenders were sentenced in effective judgments.
For criminal cases involving intellectual property infringement, the defendants of 1,060 cases were found guilty of counterfeiting registered trademarks and 2,163 offenders were sentenced in effective judgments; the defendants of 863 cases were found guilty of selling products bearing counterfeit registered trademarks and 1,507 offenders were sentenced in effective judgments; the defendants of 370 cases were found guilty of illegally manufacturing or selling illegally manufactured counterfeit registered trademarks and 691 offenders were sentenced in effective judgments; the defendants of 1 case were found guilty of patent counterfeiting and 2  offenders were sentenced in effective judgments; the defendants of 594 cases were found guilty of infringing copyrights and 852 offenders were sentenced in effective judgments; the defendants of 30 cases were found guilty of selling infringing reproductions and 75 offenders were sentenced in effective judgments; the defendants of 49 cases were found guilty of infringing upon trade secrets and 94 offenders were sentenced in effective judgments. The case of Ju Wenming, Xu Lulu and Hua Yi, who were convicted of copyright infringement, was a high-profile case.
 
全国地方人民法院审结一审案件5504件,同比上升39.62%,生效判决人数10055人,其中给予刑事处罚7892人。在审结案件中,以侵犯知识产权犯罪判决的案件2967件,生效判决人数5384人,同比分别上升136.60%和173.86%;以生产、销售伪劣商品犯罪(涉及侵犯知识产权)判处案件750件,生效判决人数1509人;以非法经营罪(涉及侵犯知识产权)判处的案件1735件,生效判决人数3032人;以其他犯罪判处的涉及侵犯知识产权的案件52件,生效判决人数130人。在以侵犯知识产权犯罪判决的案件中,以假冒注册商标罪判决的案件1060件,生效判决人数2163人;以销售假冒注册商标的商品罪判决的案件863件,生效判决人数1507人;以非法制造、销售非法制造的注册商标标识罪判决的案件370件,生效判决人数691人;以假冒专利罪判决的案件1件,生效判决人数2人;以侵犯著作权罪判决的案件594件,生效判决人数852人;以销售侵权复制品罪判决的案件30件,生效判决人数75人;以侵犯商业秘密罪判决的案件49件,生效判决人数94人。产生较大社会影响的案件有鞠文明、徐路路、华轶侵犯著作权罪案等。

In 2011, the landscape for intellectual property cases exhibited the following characteristics:
First, new filings increased considerably. The local people's courts have accepted 59,612 new first instance intellectual property cases, 38.86% more than 2010; 2,433 first instance administrative intellectual property cases,  6.06% lower than 2010; and 5,707 intellectual property-related criminal case of first instance, 42.96% more than 2010.
Second, the number of major complex and difficult cases, and new type cases has increased. Cases involved foreign parties and attracted international attention were proportionally higher. There was also a growing percentage of cases where the legal provisions were too general and the courts had to define the boundaries of the law, or cases where the outcome of the judgement affected the parties' interests significantly.
Third, encouragement of innovation led to increasing demand to protect proprietary innovations; hence, rising number of patent cases. There was a notable increase in the number of cases involving high tech inventions or cases related to pharmaceutical, communications and environmental industries. The economic interests involved in the patent cases and the damages awarded have risen. There were also more disputes over patented items developed by local Chinese companies, and more Chinese companies are suing foreign companies or foreign-invested companies. As more foreign parties are involved in patent disputes, trials and court decisions attracted greater international attention.
Fourth, increasing awareness among enterprises in the building and protecting of their own brands, the number of trademark cases have increased. Cases involving the granting and validation of trademarks have increased significantly. There was also increase in the number of trademark infringement cases that either overlapped or are connected with the granting and validation of trademark rights, and cases that involved the major brands of well-known companies. Disputes involving commercial marks have also continued to rise.
Fifth, as the creative industry prospered, copyright protection must not only arise out of cultural considerations, but also for economic reasons. This has led to the continued increase in the number of copyright cases, which accounted for half of the total volume of intellectual property-related cases. Internet copyright issues were most prominent. The number of trials combining multiple cases involving common parties and the number of interrelated cases have risen. Copyright disputes over the development and application of internet technology were closely followed by the industry. The balance between copyright protection and development of new business models has become most imperative.
Sixth, fierce market competition and diverse commercial activities require that competitive activities be more regulated. Although unfair competition is prohibited by law and as such, incidents of unfair competitive behaviour have been declining, there were more cases that challenged the boundary of law. Therefore, application of the general principles of the Anti-Unfair Competition Law was increasing. In addition, behaviours previously accepted as legal were challenged since implementation of the Anti-Monopoly Law. The courts have since received “test cases”, where the action was initiated not for personal interests but to test or challenge the limits of the law. Such cases have received much public attention.
 
知识产权案件总体呈现出以下特点:一是新收案件增幅较大。2011年,全国地方人民法院共新收知识产权民事一审案件59612件,同比增长38.86%;共新收知识产权行政一审案件2433件,同比下降6.06%;共新收刑事一审案件5707件,同比上升42.96%。二是重大疑难复杂和新类型案件增多。案件普遍呈现出涉外案件比重较大,国际关注度高;因法律规定较为原则需要明确具体界限的疑难案件所占比重不断增多;裁判结果对当事人切身利益有重大影响的案件不断增多。三是随着创新型国家建设进程的加快,对自主创新成果的保护需求日益强烈,专利案件数量持续上升;专利案件涉及的经济利益越来越大,发明专利案件和涉及药品、通信和环保等高科技领域的案件明显增多;争议金额和判赔数额越来越高;涉及自主知识产权的专利纠纷增多,起诉外国公司和外资企业的案件开始增多;涉外专利纠纷比重较大,对审判进程和裁判结果的国内外关注度越来越高。四是随着企业创造和保护自主品牌意识的明显增强,涉及商业标志的争议越来越多。商标授权确权诉讼争议明显增加;商标侵权诉讼程序与授权确权程序交叉关联案件明显增多;涉及知名企业的重要品牌的案件明显增多;商业标志类权利冲突纠纷持续增多。五是随着文化创意产业的蓬勃发展,版权保护已经超出传统的文化意义而更多地向经济意义拓展。著作权案件持续大幅增长,始终占有知识产权案件总数的一半有余;网络成为版权保护的主战场;串案和关联案件较多;与网络技术开发和应用有关的版权纠纷受到业界的高度关注,加强版权保护与促进新商业模式发展的利益平衡空前重要。六是随着市场竞争程度的日益激烈和商业行为模式的多样化,越来越多的市场竞争行为需要依法予以界定和规范。法律明文禁止的不正当竞争行为有所减少,但挑战法律边界的行为屡见不鲜,需要适用反不正当竞争法的原则条款判断的案件越来越多;反垄断法的实施使一些长期以来司空见惯行为的合法性受到质疑,一些非为个人利益得失而重在检验法律和挑战界限的试探性、挑战性纠纷进入司法程序,通过司法解决垄断纠纷受到越来越多的关注。

—Followed the principle of “Mediation as Priority and Combining Mediation and Adjudication” in dispute resolution
The people's courts tried to balance mediation and adjudication, and attaced importance to regulating mediation actions for better mediation results. The courts followed the principles of “resolving disputes, reconciling differences and dispelling problems” and considered the facts of the cases to determine their approach to a case.
......
 
--着眼于妥善化解矛盾,始终坚持“调解优先、调判结合”原则。在案件审理中,人民法院始终坚持正确处理调解和判决的关系,注重规范调解行为,不断提高调解质量。坚持有利于解决纠纷、有利于化解矛盾、有利于实现案结事了的标准, 根据每起案件的具体情况,合理选择处理案件的方式,有效化解社会矛盾。始终坚持合法自愿原则进行调解,坚决避免脱离实际设定调解率指标、违背当事人意愿强调硬调等做法,不能调解以及调解不成的及时作出裁判。健全诉讼与非诉讼相衔接的矛盾纠纷解决机制,推动完善人民调解、行政调解、司法调解相结合的大调解工作体系,加强人民调解协议司法确认工作,支持调解组织、仲裁机构、行业协会充分发挥作用,共同化解社会矛盾。天津、山东、辽宁、湖北、安徽、陕西、新疆、贵州、海南、宁夏、青海、西藏等地高级人民法院以及兵团法院结合当地实际,不断探索建立符合本地区的诉讼调解纠纷解决机制。北京市高级人民法院在不断深化与中国互联网协会调解中心、中国作家协会建立的纠纷化解机制的同时,与北京市知识产权局签订知识产权纠纷司法委托调解合作协议,制定司法调解与行政调解相配合的指导意见。在湖南省高级人民法院协调下,长沙县人民法院、长沙市(县)仲裁委建立了与长沙经济技术开发区非诉讼纠纷解决制度对接的机制。福建省法院系统充分发挥专家调解员、人民陪审员、行业协会、诉讼代理人等社会资源参与调解的作用,构筑大调解格局。四川省法院系统积极构建司法调解、人民调解与行政调解“三位一体”的大调解格局。上海市法院系统利用上海版权纠纷调解中心、中国互联网协会等平台成功调解知识产权案件120余起,普陀区法院首次委托上海版权纠纷调解中心成功调解68件。全国知识产权民事案件一审调撤率达到72.72%,同比上升4.13个百分点。
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