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| Detailed Rules for the Implementation of the Patent Law of the People's Republic of China | | 中华人民共和国专利法实施细则 |
(Promulgated by Order No. 306 of the State Council of the People's Republic of China on June 15, 2001; Amended for the first time according to the Decision of the State Council on Amending the Detailed Rules for the Implementation of the Patent Law of the People's Republic of China on December 28, 2002; Amended for the second time according to the Decision of the State Council on Amending the Detailed Rules for the Implementation of the Patent Law of the People's Republic of China on January 9, 2010) | |
（2001年6月15日中华人民共和国国务院令第306号公布 根据2002年12月28日《国务院关于修改〈中华人民共和国专利法实施细则〉的决定》第一次修订 根据2010年1月9日《国务院关于修改〈中华人民共和国专利法实施细则〉的决定》第二次修订） |
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| Chapter I General Provisions | | 第一章 总则 |
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| Article 1 These Rules are formulated in accordance with the Patent Law of the People's Republic of China (hereinafter referred to as “the Patent Law”). | | 第一条 根据《中华人民共和国专利法》（以下简称专利法），制定本细则。 |
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| Article 2 All formalities provided in the Patent Law or these Rules shall be fulfilled in a written form or another form provided by the administrative department for patents under the State Council. | | 第二条 专利法和本细则规定的各种手续，应当以书面形式或者国务院专利行政部门规定的其他形式办理。 |
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| Article 3 Any document to be submitted under the Patent Law or these Rules shall be in Chinese. A standard technical terminology shall be used if it is uniformly provided by the State. Where there is no uniform Chinese translation for the name of a foreigner, a foreign locality or a foreign technical terminology, the term in the original language shall be indicated. | | 第三条 依照专利法和本细则规定提交的各种文件应当使用中文；国家有统一规定的科技术语的，应当采用规范词；外国人名、地名和科技术语没有统一中文译文的，应当注明原文。 |
Where any certificate or certified document which is to be submitted in accordance with the Patent Law or these Rules is in a foreign language, the administrative department for patent under the State Council may, when considered necessary, request the party concerned to submit a Chinese translation within a specified time limit; where the translation has not been submitted at the expiry of the time limit, the certificate or certified document shall be deemed to have not been submitted. | |
依照专利法和本细则规定提交的各种证件和证明文件是外文的，国务院专利行政部门认为必要时，可以要求当事人在指定期限内附送中文译文；期满未附送的，视为未提交该证件和证明文件。 |
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| Article 4 For any document sent by mail to the administrative department for patent under the State Council, the date of mailing indicated by the postmark shall be regarded as the application date. If the date of mailing indicated by the postmark is illegible, the date on which the administrative department for patent under the State Council receives the document shall be regarded as the application date unless otherwise proven by the party concerned. | | 第四条 向国务院专利行政部门邮寄的各种文件，以寄出的邮戳日为递交日；邮戳日不清晰的，除当事人能够提出证明外，以国务院专利行政部门收到日为递交日。 |
Any document of the administrative department for patent under the State Council may be served by mail, by personal delivery or by other means. Where any party concerned has entrusted a patent agency, the document shall be sent to the patent agency; where no patent agency has been entrusted, the document shall be sent to the contact designated in the written request. | |
国务院专利行政部门的各种文件，可以通过邮寄、直接送交或者其他方式送达当事人。当事人委托专利代理机构的，文件送交专利代理机构；未委托专利代理机构的，文件送交请求书中指明的联系人。 |
For any document mailed by the administrative department for patent under the State Council, the 15th day from the date when the document was sent shall be presumed to be the date of the reception of the document. | |
国务院专利行政部门邮寄的各种文件，自文件发出之日起满15日，推定为当事人收到文件之日。 |
For any document to be served by personal delivery as required by the provisions of the administrative department for patent under the State Council, the date of delivery shall be regarded as the date of service. | |
根据国务院专利行政部门规定应当直接送交的文件，以交付日为送达日。 |
Where the address to which a document is to be served is not clear for the purpose of mailing, the document may be served by announcement, and shall be deemed to have been served at the expiry of one month as of the date of announcement. | |
文件送交地址不清，无法邮寄的，可以通过公告的方式送达当事人。自公告之日起满1个月，该文件视为已经送达。 |
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| Article 5 The first day of any time limit provided in the Patent Law or these Rules shall not be counted. Where a time limit is counted by years or by months, it shall expire on the corresponding day of the last month; where there is no corresponding day in that month, the time limit shall expire on the last day of that month; and where a time limit expires on a statutory holiday, it shall expire on the first working day following that statutory holiday. | | 第五条 专利法和本细则规定的各种期限的第一日不计算在期限内。期限以年或者月计算的，以其最后一月的相应日为期限届满日；该月无相应日的，以该月最后一日为期限届满日；期限届满日是法定休假日的，以休假日后的第一个工作日为期限届满日。 |
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| Article 6 Where a party concerned has delayed past the time limit provided in the Patent Law or these Rules or that specified by the administrative department for patent under the State Council due to force majeure, thus resulting the loss of his/its rights, he/it may, within 2 months as of the removal of the impediment, or at the latest within 2 years as of the expiry of that time limit, request the administrative department for patent under the State Council to recover his/its rights by stating the reasons and affixing relevant supporting documents. | | 第六条 当事人因不可抗拒的事由而延误专利法或者本细则规定的期限或者国务院专利行政部门指定的期限，导致其权利丧失的，自障碍消除之日起2个月内，最迟自期限届满之日起2年内，可以向国务院专利行政部门请求恢复权利。 |
Where a party concerned has delayed past the time limit provided in the Patent Law or these Rules or that specified by the administrative department for patent under the State Council due to a justified reason, thus resulting in the loss of his/its rights, he/it may, within 2 months as of the receipt of the notice from the administrative department for patent under the State Council, request the administrative department for patent under the State Council to recover his/its rights by stating the reason. | |
除前款规定的情形外，当事人因其他正当理由延误专利法或者本细则规定的期限或者国务院专利行政部门指定的期限，导致其权利丧失的，可以自收到国务院专利行政部门的通知之日起2个月内向国务院专利行政部门请求恢复权利。 |
Where a party concerned petitions for recovering his/her right under Paragraph 1 or 2 of this Article, he/she shall submit a petition for the recovery of right, state the reason, attach the supporting documents when necessary, and handle the formalities that should be handled before the loss of right; where a party concerned petitions for recovering his/her right under Paragraph 2 of this Article, he/she shall also pay a petition fee for the recovery of right. | |
当事人依照本条第一款或者第二款的规定请求恢复权利的，应当提交恢复权利请求书，说明理由，必要时附具有关证明文件，并办理权利丧失前应当办理的相应手续；依照本条第二款的规定请求恢复权利的，还应当缴纳恢复权利请求费。 |
Where a party concerned requests extension of the time limit specified by the administrative department for patent under the State Council, he/it shall, before the expiry of the said time limit, state the reason to the administrative department for patent under the State Council and fulfill relevant formalities. | |
当事人请求延长国务院专利行政部门指定的期限的，应当在期限届满前，向国务院专利行政部门说明理由并办理有关手续。 |
The provisions in Paragraph 1 and 2 of this Article shall not apply to the time limit provided in Article 24, Article 29, Article 42, or Article 68 of the Patent Law. | |
本条第一款和第二款的规定不适用专利法第二十四条、第二十九条、第四十二条、第六十八条规定的期限。 |
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| Article 7 Where a patent application involves the interests of national defense and needs to be maintained confidential, it shall be accepted and examined by the institution for patent of national defense. Where a patent application which involves the interests of national defense and needs to be maintained confidential is accepted by the administrative department for patent under the State Council, it shall be transferred to the institution for patent of national defense for examination. If the institution for patent of national defense believes that there is no reason to reject it upon examination, the administrative department for patent under the State Council shall make a decision of granting the patent right of national defense. | | 第七条 专利申请涉及国防利益需要保密的，由国防专利机构受理并进行审查；国务院专利行政部门受理的专利申请涉及国防利益需要保密的，应当及时移交国防专利机构进行审查。经国防专利机构审查没有发现驳回理由的，由国务院专利行政部门作出授予国防专利权的决定。 |
Where the administrative department for patent under the State Council believes that a patent application of invention or utility model which has been accepted by it involves national security or vital interests other than the interests of national defense, it shall immediately make a decision of treating it as a secret patent application and notify the applicant accordingly. The examination and reexamination of a secret patent application and the announcement of patent invalidation shall be prescribed by the administrative department for patent under the State Council. | |
国务院专利行政部门认为其受理的发明或者实用新型专利申请涉及国防利益以外的国家安全或者重大利益需要保密的，应当及时作出按照保密专利申请处理的决定，并通知申请人。保密专利申请的审查、复审以及保密专利权无效宣告的特殊程序，由国务院专利行政部门规定。 |
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| Article 8 The term 'an invention or utility model accomplished in China' mentioned in Article 20 of the Patent Law refers to an invention or utility model the material contents of whose technical scheme being accomplished in China. | | 第八条 专利法第二十条所称在中国完成的发明或者实用新型，是指技术方案的实质性内容在中国境内完成的发明或者实用新型。 |
Any entity or individual that intends to file an application in a foreign country for patenting an invention or utility model accomplished in China shall report to the administrative department for patent under the State Council for confidentiality review by either way as described below: | |
任何单位或者个人将在中国完成的发明或者实用新型向外国申请专利的，应当按照下列方式之一请求国务院专利行政部门进行保密审查： |
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| (1) To directly file an application for patent in a foreign country or file an international application for patent with a competent foreign institution, the entity or individual shall file a request with the administrative department for patent under the State Council beforehand, elaborating the technical scheme; | | （一）直接向外国申请专利或者向有关国外机构提交专利国际申请的，应当事先向国务院专利行政部门提出请求，并详细说明其技术方案； |
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| (2) To file an application for patent in a foreign country or file an international application for patent with a competent foreign institution after applying to the administrative department for patent under the State Council, the entity or individual shall file a request with the administrative department for patent under the State Council before filing an application for patent in a foreign country or filing an international application for patent with a competent foreign institution. | | （二）向国务院专利行政部门申请专利后拟向外国申请专利或者向有关国外机构提交专利国际申请的，应当在向外国申请专利或者向有关国外机构提交专利国际申请前向国务院专利行政部门提出请求。 |
Where an international application for patent has been filed with the administrative department for patent under the State Council, it shall be deemed that a request for confidentiality review has been filed simultaneously. | |
向国务院专利行政部门提交专利国际申请的，视为同时提出了保密审查请求。 |
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| Article 9 Where the administrative department for patent under the State Council, after receiving a request under Article 8 of these Rules, believes that the invention or utility model may involve national security or vital interests and need to be treated as confidential, it shall send a confidentiality review notice to the applicant in a timely manner; and the applicant, if failing to receive any confidentiality review notice within four months after the request is filed, may file an application for patent with a foreign country or file an international application for patent with a competent foreign institution for that invention or utility model. | | 第九条 国务院专利行政部门收到依照本细则第八条规定递交的请求后，经过审查认为该发明或者实用新型可能涉及国家安全或者重大利益需要保密的，应当及时向申请人发出保密审查通知；申请人未在其请求递交日起4个月内收到保密审查通知的，可以就该发明或者实用新型向外国申请专利或者向有关国外机构提交专利国际申请。 |
The administrative department for patent under the State Council shall, after sending a confidentiality review notice under the preceding paragraph, make a decision on whether the patent shall be treated as confidential and notify the applicant in a timely manner. The applicant, if failing to receive a decision on treating the patent as confidential within six months after the request is filed, may file an application for patent with a foreign country or file an international application for patent with a competent foreign institution for that invention or utility model. | |
国务院专利行政部门依照前款规定通知进行保密审查的，应当及时作出是否需要保密的决定，并通知申请人。申请人未在其请求递交日起6个月内收到需要保密的决定的，可以就该发明或者实用新型向外国申请专利或者向有关国外机构提交专利国际申请。 |
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| Article 10 “Invention-creation that violates the laws of the State” mentioned in Article 5 of the Patent Law shall not include the invention-creations the use of which is prohibited by the laws of the State. | | 第十条 专利法第五条所称违反法律的发明创造，不包括仅其实施为法律所禁止的发明创造。 |
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| Article 11 Except for the circumstances provided in Article 28 and Article 42 of the Patent Law, the application date mentioned in the Patent Law means the priority date if there is a right of priority concerned. | | 第十一条 除专利法第二十八条和第四十二条规定的情形外，专利法所称申请日，有优先权的，指优先权日。 |
Unless otherwise provided, the application date mentioned in these Rules means the one provided in Article 28 of the Patent Law. | |
本细则所称申请日，除另有规定的外，是指专利法第二十八条规定的申请日。 |
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| Article 12 Service invention-creation made by a person in execution of the tasks of the entity to which he belongs” mentioned in Article 6 of the Patent Law means any invention-creation made: | | 第十二条 专利法第六条所称执行本单位的任务所完成的职务发明创造，是指： |
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| (1) in the course of performing his own duty; | | （一）在本职工作中作出的发明创造； |
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| (2) in execution of any task, other than his own duty, which was delivered to him by the entity to which he belongs; | | （二）履行本单位交付的本职工作之外的任务所作出的发明创造； |
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| (3) within 1 year of his retirement, removal from office, or termination of the employee or personnel relationship, provided that the invention-creation relates to his own duty in the entity where he worked or relates to a task assigned to him by the entity. | | （三）退休、调离原单位后或者劳动、人事关系终止后1年内作出的，与其在原单位承担的本职工作或者原单位分配的任务有关的发明创造。 |
“The entity to which he belongs” mentioned in Article 6 of the Patent Law may also be a temporary entity for which the person works; “material resources of the entity” mentioned in Article 6 of the Patent Law shall include the entity's money, equipment, spare parts, raw materials, or technical data which are not to be disclosed to the public. | |
专利法第六条所称本单位，包括临时工作单位；专利法第六条所称本单位的物质技术条件，是指本单位的资金、设备、零部件、原材料或者不对外公开的技术资料等。 |
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| Article 13 “Inventor” or “designer” as mentioned in the Patent Law means any person who has made creative contributions to the substantive features of the invention-creation. Any person who, in the process of accomplishing the invention-creation, is responsible only for organizational work, or who offers facilities for the use of material resources, or who takes part in other auxiliary functions, shall not be an inventor or designer. | | 第十三条 专利法所称发明人或者设计人，是指对发明创造的实质性特点作出创造性贡献的人。在完成发明创造过程中，只负责组织工作的人、为物质技术条件的利用提供方便的人或者从事其他辅助工作的人，不是发明人或者设计人。 |
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| Article 14 Unless a patent right is assigned in accordance with Article 10 of the Patent Law, the party concerned shall, if the patent right is devolved due to other reasons, fulfill the formalities for the change of the patent holder in the administrative department for patent under the State Council with relevant certified documents or legal instruments. | | 第十四条 除依照专利法第十条规定转让专利权外，专利权因其他事由发生转移的，当事人应当凭有关证明文件或者法律文书向国务院专利行政部门办理专利权转移手续。 |
Any contract on the license for use of a patent concluded between the patent holder and another party shall, within 3 months as of the date when the contract entered into force, be submitted to the administrative department for patent under the State Council for record. | |
专利权人与他人订立的专利实施许可合同，应当自合同生效之日起3个月内向国务院专利行政部门备案。 |
To pledge a patent right, the pledgor and the pledgee shall jointly handle the registration of pledge at the administrative department for patent under the State Council. | |
以专利权出质的，由出质人和质权人共同向国务院专利行政部门办理出质登记。 |
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| Chapter II Application for Patent | | 第二章 专利的申请 |
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| Article 15 Anyone who applies for a patent in written form shall submit the application documents to the administrative department for patent under the State Council in duplicate. | | 第十五条 以书面形式申请专利的，应当向国务院专利行政部门提交申请文件一式两份。 |
Anyone who applies for a patent in any other form provided by the administrative department for patent under the State Council shall comply with the provided requirements. | |
以国务院专利行政部门规定的其他形式申请专利的，应当符合规定的要求。 |
Where an applicant entrusts a patent agency to file an application for a patent or to handle other patent matters in the administrative department for patent under the State Council, he/it shall meanwhile submit a power of attorney indicating the scope of the power entrusted. | |
申请人委托专利代理机构向国务院专利行政部门申请专利和办理其他专利事务的，应当同时提交委托书，写明委托权限。 |
Where there are two or more applicants and none of them has entrusted a patent agency, the first applicant designated in the written request shall be regarded as the representative unless otherwise declared in the written request. | |
申请人有2人以上且未委托专利代理机构的，除请求书中另有声明的外，以请求书中指明的第一申请人为代表人。 |
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| Article 16 A request for the patent application of an invention, utility model or design shall indicate: | | 第十六条 发明、实用新型或者外观设计专利申请的请求书应当写明下列事项： |
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| (1) the name of the invention, utility model or design; | | （一）发明、实用新型或者外观设计的名称； |
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| (2) if the applicant is a Chinese entity or individual, the name, address, zip code, and organizational code or resident's identify card number thereof; if the applicant is a foreigner, a foreign enterprise or any other foreign organization, the name, nationality or country or region of registration thereof; | | （二）申请人是中国单位或者个人的，其名称或者姓名、地址、邮政编码、组织机构代码或者居民身份证件号码；申请人是外国人、外国企业或者外国其他组织的，其姓名或者名称、国籍或者注册的国家或者地区； |
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| (3) the name of the inventor or designer; | | （三）发明人或者设计人的姓名； |
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| (4) if the applicant has entrusted a patent agency to file the application, the name and institutional code of the agency, and the name, practicing certification number and telephone number of the patent agent designated by the agency; | | （四）申请人委托专利代理机构的，受托机构的名称、机构代码以及该机构指定的专利代理人的姓名、执业证号码、联系电话； |
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| (5) if priority right has been claimed, the application date and number of the first patent application filed by the applicant or the name of the acceptance organ; | | （五）要求优先权的，申请人第一次提出专利申请（以下简称在先申请）的申请日、申请号以及原受理机构的名称； |
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| (6) the signature or seal affixed by the applicant or the patent agency; | | （六）申请人或者专利代理机构的签字或者盖章； |
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| (7) a list of the application documents; | | （七）申请文件清单； |
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| (8) a list of appended documents; and | | （八）附加文件清单； |
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| (9) other matters that shall be specified. | | （九）其他需要写明的有关事项。 |
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| Article 17 The specification of an application for a patent for invention or utility model shall indicate the title of the invention or utility model as it appears in the written request. The specification shall include: | | 第十七条 发明或者实用新型专利申请的说明书应当写明发明或者实用新型的名称，该名称应当与请求书中的名称一致。说明书应当包括下列内容： |
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| (1) the field of technology: indicating the field of technology to which the technical solution under the request for protection belongs; | | （一）技术领域：写明要求保护的技术方案所属的技术领域； |
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| (2) the background technologies: indicating the background technologies useful to the understanding, retrieval and examination of the invention or utility model; and if possible, citing the documents which reflect these background technologies; | | （二）背景技术：写明对发明或者实用新型的理解、检索、审查有用的背景技术；有可能的，并引证反映这些背景技术的文件； |
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| (3) the contents of invention: indicating the technical problems to be solved for the invention or utility model and the technical solution adopted for solving the technical problems, and indicating the beneficial effects of the invention or utility model by comparison with the technology currently available; | | （三）发明内容：写明发明或者实用新型所要解决的技术问题以及解决其技术问题采用的技术方案，并对照现有技术写明发明或者实用新型的有益效果； |
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| (4) the statement of the appended drawings: if the specification is appended with drawings, briefly stating each appended drawing; | | （四）附图说明：说明书有附图的，对各幅附图作简略说明； |
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| (5) the specific method of use: indicating in details the best method considered by the applicant to use the invention or utility model; when necessary, illustrating with examples; and comparing with the appended drawings, if any. | | （五）具体实施方式：详细写明申请人认为实现发明或者实用新型的优选方式；必要时，举例说明；有附图的，对照附图。 |
An applicant for a patent for invention or utility model shall present the specification in accordance with the manner and order provided in the preceding paragraph, and shall indicate the heading in front of each portion of the specification, unless a different manner or order would afford a more economical presentation and a more accurate understanding due to the nature of the invention or utility model. | |
发明或者实用新型专利申请人应当按照前款规定的方式和顺序撰写说明书，并在说明书每一部分前面写明标题，除非其发明或者实用新型的性质用其他方式或者顺序撰写能节约说明书的篇幅并使他人能够准确理解其发明或者实用新型。 |
The specification of the invention or utility model shall be written in standard terminologies and clear sentences, and shall not contain such phrases as: “as described in Part ... of the claim,” or any commercial advertising diction. | |
发明或者实用新型说明书应当用词规范、语句清楚，并不得使用“如权利要求……所述的……”一类的引用语，也不得使用商业性宣传用语。 |
Where an application for a patent for invention contains one or more sequences of nucleotide or amino acid, the specification shall include a sequence table in conformity with the provisions of the administrative department for patent under the State Council. The applicant shall submit the sequence table as an independent portion of the specification, and submit a copy of the sequence table which can be read by the computer in accordance with the provisions of the administrative department for patent under the State Council. | |
发明专利申请包含一个或者多个核苷酸或者氨基酸序列的，说明书应当包括符合国务院专利行政部门规定的序列表。申请人应当将该序列表作为说明书的一个单独部分提交，并按照国务院专利行政部门的规定提交该序列表的计算机可读形式的副本。 |
The description of a patent application of utility model shall contain a drawing of the shape, structure or a combination thereof of the product requiring protection. | |
实用新型专利申请说明书应当有表示要求保护的产品的形状、构造或者其结合的附图。 |
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| Article 18 The same sheet of appended drawings may contain several figures of the invention or utility model, and the figures shall be numbered and arranged in numerical order consecutively as “Figure 1, Figure 2...”. | | 第十八条 发明或者实用新型的几幅附图应当按照“图1，图2，……”顺序编号排列。 |
The scale and the distinctness of the appended drawings shall be such that a reproduction with a linear reduction in size to two-thirds would still enable all details to be clearly distinguished.Appended drawing reference signs not mentioned in the text of the specification of the invention or utility model shall not appear in the appended drawings. Appended drawing reference signs not appearing in the appended drawings shall not be mentioned in the text of the specification. The appended drawing reference signs for the same composite part used in the application documents shall be consistent throughout. | |
发明或者实用新型说明书文字部分中未提及的附图标记不得在附图中出现，附图中未出现的附图标记不得在说明书文字部分中提及。申请文件中表示同一组成部分的附图标记应当一致。 |
The appended drawings shall not contain any other explanatory notes, except for words that are indispensable. | |
附图中除必需的词语外，不应当含有其他注释。 |
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| Article 19 The patent claim shall state the technical features of the invention or utility model, and define clearly and concisely the scope of the requested protection. | | 第十九条 权利要求书应当记载发明或者实用新型的技术特征。 |
Where there are several claims in the patent claim, they shall be numbered consecutively in Arabic numerals. | |
权利要求书有几项权利要求的，应当用阿拉伯数字顺序编号。 |
The technical terminology used in the patent claim shall be consistent with that used in the specification. The patent claim may contain chemical or mathematical formulas but no drawings, and shall not contain such dictions as: “as described in Part ... of the specification” or “as illustrated in Figure ...” unless such dictions are absolutely necessary. | |
权利要求书中使用的科技术语应当与说明书中使用的科技术语一致，可以有化学式或者数学式，但是不得有插图。除绝对必要的外，不得使用“如说明书……部分所述”或者“如图……所示”的用语。 |
The technical features mentioned in the claim may quote the corresponding reference signs in the appended drawings of the specification, and such reference signs shall follow the corresponding technical features and be placed between parentheses, so that the claim can be easily understood. The appended drawing reference signs shall not be construed as limiting the claim. | |
权利要求中的技术特征可以引用说明书附图中相应的标记，该标记应当放在相应的技术特征后并置于括号内，便于理解权利要求。附图标记不得解释为对权利要求的限制。 |
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| Article 20 The patent claim shall have an independent claim, and may also contain subordinate claims. | | 第二十条 权利要求书应当有独立权利要求，也可以有从属权利要求。 |
An independent claim shall outline the technical solution of an invention or utility model and record the technical features necessary for solving technical problems. | |
独立权利要求应当从整体上反映发明或者实用新型的技术方案，记载解决技术问题的必要技术特征。 |
Subordinate claims shall further define the quoted claim with additional technical features. | |
从属权利要求应当用附加的技术特征，对引用的权利要求作进一步限定。 |
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| Article 21 An independent claim of an invention or utility model shall contain a preamble portion and a characterizing portion, and be presented in the following forms: | | 第二十一条 发明或者实用新型的独立权利要求应当包括前序部分和特征部分，按照下列规定撰写： |
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| (1) the preamble portion: indicating the subject title of the technical solution to the invention or utility model which is claimed to be protected and those essential technical features that are common to the subject of the invention or utility model and the closest technology currently available; | | （一）前序部分：写明要求保护的发明或者实用新型技术方案的主题名称和发明或者实用新型主题与最接近的现有技术共有的必要技术特征； |
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| (2) the characterizing portion: stating, in such diction as “characterized in that ...” or in similar diction, the technical features of the invention or utility model, which distinguish it from the closest technology currently available; these features, in combination with the features indicated in the preamble portion, serve to define the scope of protection of the invention or utility model. | | （二）特征部分：使用“其特征是……”或者类似的用语，写明发明或者实用新型区别于最接近的现有技术的技术特征。这些特征和前序部分写明的特征合在一起，限定发明或者实用新型要求保护的范围。 |
An independent claim may be presented in any other form if the nature of the invention or utility model is not appropriate to be expressed in the form provided in the preceding paragraph. | |
发明或者实用新型的性质不适于用前款方式表达的，独立权利要求可以用其他方式撰写。 |
Each invention or utility model shall have only one independent claim, which shall precede all the subordinate claims of the same invention or utility model. | |
一项发明或者实用新型应当只有一个独立权利要求，并写在同一发明或者实用新型的从属权利要求之前。 |
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| Article 22 A subordinate claim of an invention or utility model shall contain a quoting portion and a defining portion, and be presented in the following form: | | 第二十二条 发明或者实用新型的从属权利要求应当包括引用部分和限定部分，按照下列规定撰写： |
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| (1) the quoting portion: indicating the serial number(s) of the quoted claim(s), and the title of the subject; | | （一）引用部分：写明引用的权利要求的编号及其主题名称； |
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| (2) the defining portion: stating the additional technical features of the invention or utility model. | | （二）限定部分：写明发明或者实用新型附加的技术特征。 |
A subordinate claim may only quote the preceding claim or claims. A multiple subordinate claim which quotes two or more claims may only apply to the preceding claim or claim in a selected form, and shall not be regarded as the basis for another multiple subordinate claim. | |
从属权利要求只能引用在前的权利要求。引用两项以上权利要求的多项从属权利要求，只能以择一方式引用在前的权利要求，并不得作为另一项多项从属权利要求的基础。 |
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| Article 23 The abstract of the specification shall indicate the outline of the contents made public by the application for a patent for invention or utility model, that is, to indicate the name of the invention or utility model and the field of technology to which it belongs, and shall clearly reflect the technical problem to be solved, the essentials and main uses of the technical solution to this problem. | | 第二十三条 说明书摘要应当写明发明或者实用新型专利申请所公开内容的概要，即写明发明或者实用新型的名称和所属技术领域，并清楚地反映所要解决的技术问题、解决该问题的技术方案的要点以及主要用途。 |
The abstract of the specification may contain the chemical formula which best characterizes the invention. For an application for a patent which contains appended drawings, an appended drawing which best characterizes the invention or utility model shall also be provided. The scale and the distinctness of the appended drawing shall be such that a reproduction with a linear reduction in size to 4cm×6cm would still enable all details to be clearly distinguished. The whole text of the abstract shall contain not more than 300 Chinese characters. There shall be no commercial advertising diction in the abstract. | |
说明书摘要可以包含最能说明发明的化学式；有附图的专利申请，还应当提供一幅最能说明该发明或者实用新型技术特征的附图。附图的大小及清晰度应当保证在该图缩小到4厘米×6厘米时，仍能清晰地分辨出图中的各个细节。摘要文字部分不得超过300个字。摘要中不得使用商业性宣传用语。 |
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| Article 24 Where an application for a patent for invention involves a new biomaterial which is not available to the public, and the specification on this biomaterial is not enough to make the technicians who belong to this field to exploit the invention, the applicant shall, in addition to complying with the relevant provisions in the Patent Law and these Rules, fulfill the following formalities: | | 第二十四条 申请专利的发明涉及新的生物材料，该生物材料公众不能得到，并且对该生物材料的说明不足以使所属领域的技术人员实施其发明的，除应当符合专利法和本细则的有关规定外，申请人还应当办理下列手续： |
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| (1) submit a sample of the biomaterial to a depository institution admitted by the administrative department for patent under the State Council before the application date, or, at the latest, on the application date (or the priority date if there is a right of priority concerned) for deposit, and submit, at the time of application, or, at the latest, within 4 months as of the application date, a receipt of deposit and the viability proof from the depository institution; where they have not been submitted at the expiry of the time limit, the sample shall be deemed to have not been deposited; | | （一）在申请日前或者最迟在申请日（有优先权的，指优先权日），将该生物材料的样品提交国务院专利行政部门认可的保藏单位保藏，并在申请时或者最迟自申请日起4个月内提交保藏单位出具的保藏证明和存活证明；期满未提交证明的，该样品视为未提交保藏； |
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| (2) in the application, submit relevant information on the characteristics of the biomaterial; | | （二）在申请文件中，提供有关该生物材料特征的资料； |
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| (3) indicate, where the application involves the deposit of the sample of biomaterial, in the written request and the specification the name of its classification (with its Latin name), the name and address of the depository institution, the date on which the sample was deposited and the accession number of the deposit; where, at the time of application, they are not indicated, a rectification shall be made within 4 months as of the date of application; where no rectification has been made at the expiry of the time limit, the sample shall be deemed to have not been deposited. | | （三）涉及生物材料样品保藏的专利申请应当在请求书和说明书中写明该生物材料的分类命名（注明拉丁文名称）、保藏该生物材料样品的单位名称、地址、保藏日期和保藏编号；申请时未写明的，应当自申请日起4个月内补正；期满未补正的，视为未提交保藏。 |
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| Article 25 Where an applicant for a patent for invention has a sample of biomaterial deposited in accordance with Article 24 of these Rules, any entity or individual that intends to make use of the biomaterial for the purpose of experiment shall, after the application for a patent for invention has been published, make a request to the administrative department for patent under the State Council containing the following: | | 第二十五条 发明专利申请人依照本细则第二十四条的规定保藏生物材料样品的，在发明专利申请公布后，任何单位或者个人需要将该专利申请所涉及的生物材料作为实验目的使用的，应当向国务院专利行政部门提出请求，并写明下列事项： |
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| (1) the name and address of the entity or individual making the request; | | （一）请求人的姓名或者名称和地址； |
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| (2) a guarantee not to make the biomaterial available to any other person; | | （二）不向其他任何人提供该生物材料的保证； |
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| (3) a guarantee to use the biomaterial for experimental purpose only before the grant of the patent right. | | （三）在授予专利权前，只作为实验目的使用的保证。 |
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| Article 26 The term “generic resources” as mentioned in the Patent Law refers to the substances which are taken from human bodies, animals, plants or microorganisms, which contain hereditary units and have actual or potential values; the term 'invention-creations accomplished by using generic resources' as mentioned in the Patent Law refers to the invention-creations accomplished by utilizing the hereditary functions of generic resources. | | 第二十六条 专利法所称遗传资源，是指取自人体、动物、植物或者微生物等含有遗传功能单位并具有实际或者潜在价值的材料；专利法所称依赖遗传资源完成的发明创造，是指利用了遗传资源的遗传功能完成的发明创造。 |
A patent application of an invention-creation accomplished based on generic resources shall state the fact in the request and fill out a form made by the administrative department for patent under the State Council. | |
就依赖遗传资源完成的发明创造申请专利的，申请人应当在请求书中予以说明，并填写国务院专利行政部门制定的表格。 |
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| Article 27 Where an application for a patent for design seeking concurrent protection of colors is filed, the drawing or photograph in color shall be submitted in duplicate. | | 第二十七条 申请人请求保护色彩的，应当提交彩色图片或者照片。 |
The applicant shall submit, with respect to the contents of each design product which is in need of protection, relevant views or photographs, so as to clearly show the object for which protection is sought. | |
申请人应当就每件外观设计产品所需要保护的内容提交有关图片或者照片。 |
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| Article 28 The summary of a design shall contain the name and uses of the design and the design essentials and specify a drawing or photograph which best demonstrates the design essentials. The omission of the view and the colors for which protection is sought shall be specified in the summary. | | 第二十八条 外观设计的简要说明应当写明外观设计产品的名称、用途，外观设计的设计要点，并指定一幅最能表明设计要点的图片或者照片。省略视图或者请求保护色彩的，应当在简要说明中写明。 |
A patent application for multiple similar designs of a same product shall designate in the summary one of the designs as the basic one. | |
对同一产品的多项相似外观设计提出一件外观设计专利申请的，应当在简要说明中指定其中一项作为基本设计。 |
The summary shall not contain any commercial advertising element or be used to indicate the functions of the product. | |
简要说明不得使用商业性宣传用语，也不能用来说明产品的性能。 |
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| Article 29 The administrative department for patent under the State Council may, when considering it necessary, require the applicant for a patent for design to submit a sample or model of the product incorporating the design. The volume of the sample or model submitted shall not exceed 30cm×30cm×30cm, and its weight shall not surpass 15 kilograms. Articles that are easy to rot or become broken, or articles that are dangerous, may not be submitted as sample or model. | | 第二十九条 国务院专利行政部门认为必要时，可以要求外观设计专利申请人提交使用外观设计的产品样品或者模型。样品或者模型的体积不得超过30厘米×30厘米×30厘米，重量不得超过15公斤。易腐、易损或者危险品不得作为样品或者模型提交。 |
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| Article 30 The term 'an international exhibition sponsored or recognized by the Chinese Government' as mentioned in Item 1 of Article 24 of the Patent Law refers to an international exhibition described in the Convention Relating to International Exhibitions and registered or approved by the Bureau of International Expositions. | | 第三十条 专利法第二十四条第（一）项所称中国政府承认的国际展览会，是指国际展览会公约规定的在国际展览局注册或者由其认可的国际展览会。 |
The academic or technical conference mentioned in Item (2) of Article 24 of the Patent Law means any academic or technical conference organized and convened by a relevant department of the State Council or by a national academic association. | |
专利法第二十四条第（二）项所称学术会议或者技术会议，是指国务院有关主管部门或者全国性学术团体组织召开的学术会议或者技术会议。 |
Where the invention-creation in an application for a patent falls under any of the circumstances enumerated in Item (1) or Item (2) of Article 24 of the Patent Law, the applicant shall, when filing the application, make a declaration and, within a time limit of 2 months as of the application date, submit a certificate issued by the entity which organized the international exhibition or academic or technical conference, stating that the invention-creation has been exhibited or published and also submit the certified documents on the date of its exhibition or publication. | |
申请专利的发明创造有专利法第二十四条第（一）项或者第（二）项所列情形的，申请人应当在提出专利申请时声明，并自申请日起2个月内提交有关国际展览会或者学术会议、技术会议的组织单位出具的有关发明创造已经展出或者发表，以及展出或者发表日期的证明文件。 |
Where any invention-creation in an application for a patent falls under the circumstance enumerated in Item (3) of Article 24 of the Patent Law, the administrative department for patent under the State Council may, when considered necessary, require the applicant to submit a certified document within a specified time limit. | |
申请专利的发明创造有专利法第二十四条第（三）项所列情形的，国务院专利行政部门认为必要时，可以要求申请人在指定期限内提交证明文件。 |
Where the applicant fails to make a declaration and submit the certified document in accordance with Paragraph 3 of this Article, or fails to submit the certified document within a specified time limit in accordance with Paragraph 4 of this Article, the application may not be subject to Article 24 of the Patent Law. | |
申请人未依照本条第三款的规定提出声明和提交证明文件的，或者未依照本条第四款的规定在指定期限内提交证明文件的，其申请不适用专利法第二十四条的规定。 |
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| Article 31 Where anyone claims for foreign priority under Article 30 of the Patent Law, a duplicate of the prior application document submitted by the applicant shall be certified by the original acceptance organ. Pursuant to the agreement concluded by the administrative department for patent under the State Council and the acceptance organ, if the administrative department for patent under the State Council receives the duplicate of the prior application document through electronic data interchange, it shall be deemed that the applicant has submitted the duplicate of the prior application document which has been certified by the acceptance organ. Where domestic priority is claimed, if the applicant has specified the date and sequence number of the prior application in the request, it shall be deemed that the duplicate of the prior application document have been submitted. | | 第三十一条 申请人依照专利法第三十条的规定要求外国优先权的，申请人提交的在先申请文件副本应当经原受理机构证明。依照国务院专利行政部门与该受理机构签订的协议，国务院专利行政部门通过电子交换等途径获得在先申请文件副本的，视为申请人提交了经该受理机构证明的在先申请文件副本。要求本国优先权，申请人在请求书中写明在先申请的申请日和申请号的，视为提交了在先申请文件副本。 |
Where priority is claimed, if either the date, sequence number or acceptance organ of the prior application is missing or wrongly entered in the request, the administrative department for patent under the State Council shall notify the applicant to supplement or correct within a certain time limit; if the applicant fails to do so, it shall be deemed that no claim has been made for priority right. | |
要求优先权，但请求书中漏写或者错写在先申请的申请日、申请号和原受理机构名称中的一项或者两项内容的，国务院专利行政部门应当通知申请人在指定期限内补正；期满未补正的，视为未要求优先权。 |
Where the name of the applicant for priority is not identical with that recorded in the duplicate of the prior application document, a priority assignment certificate shall be provided, or it shall be deemed that no claim has been filed for priority. | |
要求优先权的申请人的姓名或者名称与在先申请文件副本中记载的申请人姓名或者名称不一致的，应当提交优先权转让证明材料，未提交该证明材料的，视为未要求优先权。 |
Where a design patent applicant that claims for foreign priority fails to give a summary on the design in the prior application document, it shall not affect the applicant's right of priority, provided that the summary submitted by the applicant under Article 28 of these Rules meets the description of the drawing or photograph in the prior application document. | |
外观设计专利申请的申请人要求外国优先权，其在先申请未包括对外观设计的简要说明，申请人按照本细则第二十八条规定提交的简要说明未超出在先申请文件的图片或者照片表示的范围的，不影响其享有优先权。 |
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| Article 32 Any applicant may claim one or more rights of priority for an application for a patent; where more than one right of priority are claimed, the priority period for the application shall be calculated from the earliest priority date. | | 第三十二条 申请人在一件专利申请中，可以要求一项或者多项优先权；要求多项优先权的，该申请的优先权期限从最早的优先权日起计算。 |
Where an applicant claims the right of domestic priority, and the earlier application is one for a patent for invention, he/it may file an application for a patent for invention or utility model for the same subject; if the earlier application is one for a patent for utility model, he/it may file an application for a patent for utility model or invention for the same subject. However, if, when the later application is filed, the earlier application is in any of the following circumstances, it may not be the basis of the right of domestic priority: | |
申请人要求本国优先权，在先申请是发明专利申请的，可以就相同主题提出发明或者实用新型专利申请；在先申请是实用新型专利申请的，可以就相同主题提出实用新型或者发明专利申请。但是，提出后一申请时，在先申请的主题有下列情形之一的，不得作为要求本国优先权的基础： |
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| (1) where the right of foreign or domestic priority has already been claimed; | | （一）已经要求外国优先权或者本国优先权的； |
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| (2) where a patent right has been granted; | | （二）已经被授予专利权的； |
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| (3) where it belongs to divisional application filed as provided. | | （三）属于按照规定提出的分案申请的。 |
Where the applicant claims the right of domestic priority, the earlier application shall be deemed to be withdrawn as of the date on which the later application is filed. | |
申请人要求本国优先权的，其在先申请自后一申请提出之日起即视为撤回。 |
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| Article 33 Where an application for a patent is filed or the right of foreign priority is claimed by any applicant having no regular residence or business office in China, the administrative department for patent under the State Council may, when considering it necessary, require the applicant to submit the following documents: | | 第三十三条 在中国没有经常居所或者营业所的申请人，申请专利或者要求外国优先权的，国务院专利行政部门认为必要时，可以要求其提供下列文件： |
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| (1) a certificate concerning the nationality of the applicant; | | （一）申请人是个人的，其国籍证明； |
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| (2) a certificate concerning the locality of the business office or the headquarters, if the applicant is an enterprise or other organization; | | （二）申请人是企业或者其他组织的，其注册的国家或者地区的证明文件； |
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| (3) a certified document showing that the country, to which the applicant belongs, recognizes that Chinese entities and individuals are, under the same conditions applied to its nationals, entitled to patent right, right of priority and other related rights in that country. | | （三）申请人的所属国，承认中国单位和个人可以按照该国国民的同等条件，在该国享有专利权、优先权和其他与专利有关的权利的证明文件。 |
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| Article 34 Two or more inventions or utility models belonging to a single general inventive concept which may be filed as one application in accordance with Paragraph 1 of Article 31 the Patent Law shall be technically interrelated and contain one or more same or corresponding special technical features. The expression “special technical features” means those technical features that define a contribution which each of those inventions, considered as a whole, makes over the technology currently available. | | 第三十四条 依照专利法第三十一条第一款规定，可以作为一件专利申请提出的属于一个总的发明构思的两项以上的发明或者实用新型，应当在技术上相互关联，包含一个或者多个相同或者相应的特定技术特征，其中特定技术特征是指每一项发明或者实用新型作为整体，对现有技术作出贡献的技术特征。 |
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| Article 35 Pursuant to Paragraph 2 of Article 31 of the Patent Law, where a patent application is filed for two or more similar designs of an identical product, the other designs of the product shall be similar to the basic design specified in the summary. A design patent application may contain at most 10 similar designs. | | 第三十五条 依照专利法第三十一条第二款规定，将同一产品的多项相似外观设计作为一件申请提出的，对该产品的其他设计应当与简要说明中指定的基本设计相似。一件外观设计专利申请中的相似外观设计不得超过10项。 |
The expression 'two or more similar designs for products which fall into the same class and are sold or used in sets' as mentioned in Paragraph 2 of Article 31 of the Patent Law refers to the designs of products which fall into a same category in the nomenclature, are customarily sold or used at the same time and based on the same ideas. | |
专利法第三十一条第二款所称同一类别并且成套出售或者使用的产品的两项以上外观设计，是指各产品属于分类表中同一大类，习惯上同时出售或者同时使用，而且各产品的外观设计具有相同的设计构思。 |
Where two or more designs are filed in one application, they shall be numbered consecutively and each number shall be noted before the corresponding the drawing or photograph of the product underlying the design. | |
将两项以上外观设计作为一件申请提出的，应当将各项外观设计的顺序编号标注在每件外观设计产品各幅图片或者照片的名称之前。 |
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| Article 36 When withdrawing an application for a patent, the applicant shall make a declaration to the administrative department for patent under the State Council stating the title of the invention-creation, the number and date of the application. | | 第三十六条 申请人撤回专利申请的，应当向国务院专利行政部门提出声明，写明发明创造的名称、申请号和申请日。 |
Where a declaration to withdraw an application for a patent is made after the printing preparation has been done by the administrative department for patent under the State Council for publishing the application documents, the application documents shall still be published as scheduled. However, the declaration to withdraw an application for a patent shall be announced on the subsequently published Patent Gazette. | |
撤回专利申请的声明在国务院专利行政部门作好公布专利申请文件的印刷准备工作后提出的，申请文件仍予公布；但是，撤回专利申请的声明应当在以后出版的专利公报上予以公告。 |
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| Chapter III Examination and Approval of Application for Patent | | 第三章 专利申请的审查和批准 |
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| Article 37 Any person who is to examine or hear a case in the procedures of preliminary examination, substantial examination, re-examination, or invalidation shall, at his own discretion or upon the request of the party concerned or any other interested person, avoid being present in any of the following circumstances: | | 第三十七条 在初步审查、实质审查、复审和无效宣告程序中，实施审查和审理的人员有下列情形之一的，应当自行回避，当事人或者其他利害关系人可以要求其回避： |
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| (1) where he is a close relative of the party concerned or the latter's agent; | | （一）是当事人或者其代理人的近亲属的； |
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| (2) where he has an interest in the application for patent or the patent right; | | （二）与专利申请或者专利权有利害关系的； |
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| (3) where he has such other kinds of relations with the party concerned or the latter's agent that might affect impartial examination and hearing; | | （三）与当事人或者其代理人有其他关系，可能影响公正审查和审理的； |
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| (4) where a member of the Patent Re-examination Board has taken part in the examination of the application. | | （四）专利复审委员会成员曾参与原申请的审查的。 |
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| Article 38 Upon the receipt of an application for a patent for invention or utility model consisting of a written request, a specification (an appended drawing being indispensable for utility model) and one or more patent claims, or an application for a patent for design consisting of a written request and one or more drawings or photographs showing the design, the administrative department for patent under the State Council shall clarify the application date, grant an application number and notify the applicant. | | 第三十八条 国务院专利行政部门收到发明或者实用新型专利申请的请求书、说明书（实用新型必须包括附图）和权利要求书，或者外观设计专利申请的请求书、外观设计的图片或者照片和简要说明后，应当明确申请日、给予申请号，并通知申请人。 |
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| Article 39 Where a patent application document falls under any of the following circumstances, the administrative department for patent under the State Council shall not accept the application and shall notify the applicant accordingly: | | 第三十九条 专利申请文件有下列情形之一的，国务院专利行政部门不予受理，并通知申请人： |
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| (1) where the application for a patent for invention or utility model does not contain a written request, a specification (or a specification of utility model without appended drawings) or a patent claim, or the application for a patent for design does not contain a written request, drawings or photographs; | | （一）发明或者实用新型专利申请缺少请求书、说明书（实用新型无附图）或者权利要求书的，或者外观设计专利申请缺少请求书、图片或者照片、简要说明的； |
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| (2) where the application is not written in Chinese; | | （二）未使用中文的； |
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| (3) where the application is not in conformity with Paragraph 1 of Article 120 of these Rules; | | （三）不符合本细则第一百二十一条第一款规定的； |
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| (4) where the written request does not contain the name or address of the applicant; | | （四）请求书中缺少申请人姓名或者名称，或者缺少地址的； |
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| (5) where the application is obviously not in conformity with Article 18 or Paragraph 1 of Article 19 of the Patent Law; | | （五）明显不符合专利法第十八条或者第十九条第一款的规定的； |
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| (6) where the category (for invention, utility model or design) of the application for a patent is not clear or is difficult to discern. | | （六）专利申请类别（发明、实用新型或者外观设计）不明确或者难以确定的。 |
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| Article 40 Where the specification contains explanatory notes to the appended drawings is submitted but the appended drawings or part of them are missing, the applicant shall, within the time limit specified by the administrative department for patent under the State Council, either re-submit the appended drawings or make a declaration for the deletion of the explanatory notes to the appended drawings. Where the appended drawings are re-submitted later, the date of their delivery at, or mailing to, the administrative department for patent under the State Council, shall be regarded as the application date; where the explanatory notes to the appended drawings are deleted, the original application date shall be reserved. | | 第四十条 |
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| Article 41 Two or more applicants who, on the same day (referring to the application date, or the priority date if there is a right of priority), file applications for patent regarding an identical invention-creation, shall, after receiving the notification from the administrative department for patent under the State Council, negotiate between themselves at their own discretion to determine who shall be entitled to file the application. | | 第四十一条 两个以上的申请人同日（指申请日；有优先权的，指优先权日）分别就同样的发明创造申请专利的，应当在收到国务院专利行政部门的通知后自行协商确定申请人。 |
A same applicant who files applications for patent of both utility model and for invention regarding an identical invention-creation on the same day (application date) shall specify that another patent has been applied for the same invention-creation; otherwise, the applications shall be handled according to Paragraph 1 of Article 9 which provides that only one patent right shall be granted to an identical invention-creation. | |
同一申请人在同日（指申请日）对同样的发明创造既申请实用新型专利又申请发明专利的，应当在申请时分别说明对同样的发明创造已申请了另一专利；未作说明的，依照专利法第九条第一款关于同样的发明创造只能授予一项专利权的规定处理。 |
The administrative department for patent under the State Council shall, when announcing the granting of patent to a utility model, announce the statement that a patent for invention has been applied simultaneously as made by the applicant under Paragraph 2 herein. | |
国务院专利行政部门公告授予实用新型专利权，应当公告申请人已依照本条第二款的规定同时申请了发明专利的说明。 |
If, upon examination, the administrative department for patent under the State Council finds no reason to reject the application for patent of invention, it shall notify the applicant to abandon the patent right of the utility model within the prescribed time. If the applicant agrees to do so, the administrative department for patent under the State Council shall make a decision on granting the patent right of invention and announce the applicant's abandonment of the patent right of utility model concurrently with the granting of the patent right of invention. If the applicant refuses to abandon the patent right of the utility model, the administrative department for patent under the State Council shall reject the patent application of invention. If the applicant fails to give a reply within the prescribed time, the patent application of invention shall be deemed as withdrawn. | |
发明专利申请经审查没有发现驳回理由，国务院专利行政部门应当通知申请人在规定期限内声明放弃实用新型专利权。申请人声明放弃的，国务院专利行政部门应当作出授予发明专利权的决定，并在公告授予发明专利权时一并公告申请人放弃实用新型专利权声明。申请人不同意放弃的，国务院专利行政部门应当驳回该发明专利申请；申请人期满未答复的，视为撤回该发明专利申请。 |
The patent right of utility model shall terminate from the day when the patent right of invention is granted.
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实用新型专利权自公告授予发明专利权之日起终止。
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