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Opinions of the Supreme People's Court on Legally and Properly Hearing Cases concerning Objects Thrown or Falling from Heights [Effective]
最高人民法院关于依法妥善审理高空抛物、坠物案件的意见 [现行有效]
【法宝引证码】

Opinions of the Supreme People's Court on Legally and Properly Hearing Cases concerning Objects Thrown or Falling from Heights 

最高人民法院关于依法妥善审理高空抛物、坠物案件的意见

(No. 25 [2019]) (法发〔2019〕25号)

In recent years, incidents of objects thrown from heights have occurred one after another, which seriously endangers public safety, infringes on the legitimate rights and interests of the people and affects social harmony and stability. For the purposes of maximizing the punitive, normative and preventive functions of judicial trials, legally and properly hearing cases concerning objects thrown or falling from heights, protecting the people's heads from being injured, ensuring people's livelihood and happiness, and safeguarding social fairness and justice, in accordance with the Criminal Law of the People's Republic of China, the Tort Law of the People's Republic of China and other relevant laws, the following opinions are hereby offered. 近年来,高空抛物、坠物事件不断发生,严重危害公共安全,侵害人民群众合法权益,影响社会和谐稳定。为充分发挥司法审判的惩罚、规范和预防功能,依法妥善审理高空抛物、坠物案件,切实维护人民群众“头顶上的安全”,保障人民安居乐业,维护社会公平正义,依据《中华人民共和国刑法》《中华人民共和国侵权责任法》等相关法律,提出如下意见。
I. Strengthening governance at the source, and supervising and supporting law-based administration, so as to effectively prevent and punish the act of throwing or dropping objects from heights.   一、加强源头治理,监督支持依法行政,有效预防和惩治高空抛物、坠物行为
1. Establishing the basic concept of preventing and punishing the act of throwing or dropping objects from heights. The people's court shall effectively implement the people-centered development concept, take the prevention and punishment of throwing or dropping objects from heights as an important task at present and for a period of time to come, and fully exercise judicial functions, in an effort to protect the people's lives and property. A comprehensive and coordinated efforts shall be actively made to prevent and punish the act of throwing or dropping objects from heights so as to promptly identify and deal with potential hazards, thus protecting the people's heads from being injured and continuously making people safer and happier. Greater efforts shall be made to achieve an organic unity of legally punishing and relieving damage on the one hand and maintaining public security and ensuring people's livelihood and happiness on the other, so as to promote social harmony and stability. 1.树立预防和惩治高空抛物、坠物行为的基本理念。人民法院要切实贯彻以人民为中心的发展理念,将预防和惩治高空抛物、坠物行为作为当前和今后一段时期的重要任务,充分发挥司法职能作用,保护人民群众生命财产安全。要积极推动预防和惩治高空抛物、坠物行为的综合治理、协同治理工作,及时排查整治安全隐患,确保人民群众“头顶上的安全”,不断增强人民群众的幸福感、安全感。要努力实现依法制裁、救济损害与维护公共安全、保障人民群众安居乐业的有机统一,促进社会和谐稳定。
2. Actively promoting the inclusion the prevention and punishment of throwing or dropping objects from heights in the governance mechanism of sources of litigation. The role of the people's court in participating, promoting, regulating, and guaranteeing the governance of sources of litigation shall be effectively underscored. Interaction with public security and grassroots organizations shall be strengthened to actively promote and assist relevant departments in improving the measures for preventing the act of throwing or dropping objects from heights, thereby creating an effective joint forces. The role of the judicial proposal shall be maximized. Where it is discovered when hearing cases concerning objects thrown or falling from heights that administrative organs, grassroots organizations, property service enterprises and other relevant entities have omissions, hidden risks or other problems, judicial proposals shall be given in a timely manner to supervise the rectification. 2.积极推动将高空抛物、坠物行为的预防与惩治纳入诉源治理机制建设。切实发挥人民法院在诉源治理中的参与、推动、规范和保障作用,加强与公安、基层组织等的联动,积极推动和助力有关部门完善防范高空抛物、坠物的工作举措,形成有效合力。注重发挥司法建议作用,对在审理高空抛物、坠物案件中发现行政机关、基层组织、物业服务企业等有关单位存在的工作疏漏、隐患风险等问题,及时提出司法建议,督促整改。
3. Maximizing the function of administrative trials in promoting law-based administration. The positive role of administrative trials in preventing and punishing the act of throwing or dropping objects from heights shall be maximized to effectively protect the right of victims to apply to administrative organs for the performance of their statutory duties of protecting their personal rights, property rights and other legitimate rights and interests and for the supervision of administrative organs to exercise their administrative functions and powers and perform their corresponding duties. If a victim or any other administrative counterpart brings an administrative lawsuit against an administrative organ for illegally exercising its functions and powers or failing to perform its duties, the people's court shall, in a timely manner, accept the lawsuit. 3.充分发挥行政审判促进依法行政的职能作用。注重发挥行政审判对预防和惩治高空抛物、坠物行为的积极作用,切实保护受害人依法申请行政机关履行保护其人身权、财产权等合法权益法定职责的权利,监督行政机关依法行使行政职权、履行相应职责。受害人等行政相对方对行政机关在履职过程中违法行使职权或者不作为提起行政诉讼的,人民法院应当依法及时受理。
II. Punishing any act of throwing or dropping objects from heights that constitutes a crime according to the law to ensure the safety of people's lives and property   二、依法惩处构成犯罪的高空抛物、坠物行为,切实维护人民群众生命财产安全
4. Fully understanding the social harm of throwing or dropping objects from heights. Throwing or dropping objects from heights endangers people's personal and property safety and easily causes personal casualties and property damage, thus triggering social conflicts and disputes. The people's court shall give top priority to the practical hazards of throwing or dropping objects from heights and have a deep understanding of the necessity and importance of punishing by means of criminal punishment such acts having serious circumstances and consequences, so that such crimes may be punished according to the law to effectively prevent and resolutely curb such acts. 4.充分认识高空抛物、坠物行为的社会危害性。高空抛物、坠物行为损害人民群众人身、财产安全,极易造成人身伤亡和财产损失,引发社会矛盾纠纷。人民法院要高度重视高空抛物、坠物行为的现实危害,深刻认识运用刑罚手段惩治情节和后果严重的高空抛物、坠物行为的必要性和重要性,依法惩治此类犯罪行为,有效防范、坚决遏制此类行为发生。
5. Accurately determining the crime of throwing objects from heights. With respect to throwing objects from heights, full consideration shall be given to the degree of social harm of the act according to such factors as the motive of the actor, the place of throwing objects, the information on objects thrown and the consequences caused, so as to accurately judge the nature of the act, correctly define applicable crimes and accurately determine the penalty. 5.准确认定高空抛物犯罪。对于高空抛物行为,应当根据行为人的动机、抛物场所、抛掷物的情况以及造成的后果等因素,全面考量行为的社会危害程度,准确判断行为性质,正确适用罪名,准确裁量刑罚。
Whoever intentionally throws object from a height, which results in no serious consequences but is sufficient to endanger public security, shall be convicted of and punished for the crime of endangering public security by dangerous means as provided in Article 114 of the Criminal Law. Whoever causes death of or serious injury to another person or causes heavy losses to public or private property shall be punished in accordance with the provisions of the first paragraph of Article 115 of the Criminal Law. Whoever commits the above-mentioned acts with the intent of injuring or killing a specific person shall be convicted of and punished for the crime of intentional injury or the crime of intentional homicide.
......
 故意从高空抛弃物品,尚未造成严重后果,但足以危害公共安全的,依照刑法一百一十四条规定的以危险方法危害公共安全罪定罪处罚;致人重伤、死亡或者使公私财产遭受重大损失的,依照刑法一百一十五条第一款的规定处罚。为伤害、杀害特定人员实施上述行为的,依照故意伤害罪、故意杀人罪定罪处罚。
......

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