| Guiding Case No. 79 of the Supreme People's Court: Wu Xiaoqin v. Shaanxi BC & TV Network (Group) Co., Ltd. | | 指导案例79号：吴小秦诉陕西广电网络传媒（集团）股份有限公司捆绑交易纠纷案 |
| (Issued on March 6, 2017 as deliberated and adopted by the Judicial Committee of the Supreme People's Court) | | （最高人民法院审判委员会讨论通过 2017年3月6日发布） |
| Keywords | | 【关键词】 |
| civil; bundled transaction; monopoly; dominant market position; tie-in sale | | 民事/捆绑交易/垄断/市场支配地位/搭售 |
| Key Points of Judgment | | 【裁判要点】 |
| 1. As the only operator engaging in the legal business operation of cable TV transmission business and an entity engaging in the centralized broadcast control of TV programs in a specific area, it has advantages in market access, market share, operating status, operation scale, and other elements. It may be recognized that the operator has a dominant market position. | | 1.作为特定区域内唯一合法经营有线电视传输业务的经营者及电视节目集中播控者，在市场准入、市场份额、经营地位、经营规模等各要素上均具有优势，可以认定该经营者占有市场支配地位。 |
| 2. By making advantage of its dominant market position, the operator bundles the basic maintenance fee for receiving digital TV programs with the fee for paid digital TV programs and charges a consumer the fees together, which has infringed upon the consumer's right of choice and is prejudicial to other service providers accessing the digital TV service market. Even though the operator falls under exceptions where it separately charges the two service items, it is insufficient to deny that its acts constitute tie-in sale as prohibited by the Anti-Monopoly Law. | | 2.经营者利用市场支配地位，将数字电视基本收视维护费和数字电视付费节目费捆绑在一起向消费者收取，侵害了消费者的消费选择权，不利于其他服务提供者进入数字电视服务市场。经营者即使存在两项服务分别收费的例外情形，也不足以否认其构成反垄断法所禁止的搭售。 |
| Legal Provisions | | 【相关法条】 |
| Item (5) of paragraph 1 of Article 17 of the Anti-Monopoly Law of the People's Republic of China | | 《中华人民共和国反垄断法》第17条第1款第5项 |
| Basic Facts | | 【基本案情】 |
| Plaintiff Wu Xiaoqin alleged that: On May 10, 2012, when he paid the basic maintenance fee for receiving digital TV programs at Shaanxi BC & TV Network (Group) Co., Ltd. (hereinafter referred to as “BC & TV Company”), he learned that this fee has been adjusted from CNY25 per month to CNY30 per month. Wu Xiaoqin paid CNY90 for three months, in which the basic maintenance fee for receiving digital TV programs amounted to CNY75 and the fee for paid digital TV programs amounted to CNY15. Afterwards, Wu Xiaoqin learned that digital programs were subject to the free choice and voluntary subscription of subscribers. Wu Xiaoqin held that: As a public enterprise, BC & TV Company had a dominant position in the digital TV market, and its charge of the fee for paid digital TV programs deprived him of the right of free choice and constituted tie-in sale. Therefore, he filed a lawsuit with the court and requested the court to confirm that defendant BC & TV Company's charge of the fee for paid digital TV programs of CNY15 on May 10, 2012 was invalid and defendant should refund him CNY15. | | 原告吴小秦诉称：2012年5月10日，其前往陕西广电网络传媒（集团）股份有限公司（以下简称广电公司）缴纳数字电视基本收视维护费得知，该项费用由每月25元调至30元，吴小秦遂缴纳了3个月费用90元，其中数字电视基本收视维护费75元、数字电视节目费15元。之后，吴小秦获悉数字电视节目应由用户自由选择，自愿订购。吴小秦认为，广电公司属于公用企业，在数字电视市场内具有支配地位，其收取数字电视节目费的行为剥夺了自己的自主选择权，构成搭售，故诉至法院，请求判令：确认被告2012年5月10日收取其数字电视节目费15元的行为无效，被告返还原告15元。 |
| BC & TV Company contended that: As the only entity engaging in the centralized broadcast control of TV programs within Shaanxi Province, it charged consumers who chose to receive programs beyond the basic ones, which complied with the provisions of the Anti-Monopoly Law; BC & TV Company had a dominant position in the cable TV market of Shaanxi Province and it encouraged subscribers to choose cable TV packages, but it did not abuse its dominant market position or force subscribers to buy service items beyond basic TV program services. The subscribers had the right of free choice; the recognition of monopolistic conduct was governed by administrative power other than judicial power. Plaintiff did not request the court to recognize invalidation of monopolistic conduct; although BC & TV Company launched a series of TV program packages for subscribers' individual choices, it has never committed any forcible tie-in sale, which guaranteed people's right to choose more TV programs. Therefore, BC & TV Company requested the court to dismiss the claims of plaintiff that BC & TV Company's increase of TV programs and charge of fees were invalid and BC & TV Company was willing to actively resolve claim (2) of Wu Xiaoqin. | | 广电公司辩称：广电公司作为陕西省内唯一电视节目集中播控者，向选择收看基本收视节目之外的消费者收取费用，符合反垄断法的规定；广电公司具备陕西省有线电视市场支配地位，鼓励用户选择有线电视套餐，但并未滥用市场支配地位，强行规定用户在基本收视业务之外必须消费的服务项目，用户有自主选择权；垄断行为的认定属于行政权力，而不是司法权力，原告没有请求认定垄断行为无效的权利；广电公司虽然推出了一系列满足用户进行个性化选择的电视套餐，但从没有进行强制搭售的行为，保证了绝大多数群众收看更多电视节目的选择权利；故请求驳回原告要求确认广电公司增加节目并收取费用无效的请求；愿意积极解决吴小秦的第二项诉讼请求。 |
| After a trial, the court found that: On May 10, 2012, when Wu Xiaoqin paid the basic maintenance fee for receiving digital TV programs at BC & TV Company, he learned that the minimum standard for the monthly basic maintenance fee for receiving digital TV programs has been increased from CNY25 to CNY30. Wu Xiaoqin paid the basic maintenance fee for receiving digital TV programs of CNY90 from May 10 to August 9, 2012. It was indicated in the specific charge invoice issued by BC & TV Company to Wu Xiaoqin that the basic maintenance fee for receiving digital TV programs amounted to CNY75 and the fee for paid digital TV programs amounted to CNY15. Afterwards, Wu Xiaoqin consulted with the customer service center of BC & TV Company (service telephone: 96766) and learned that various paid programs were increased in BC & TV Company's program upgrading and various packages were available. In particular, the basic maintenance fee in the minimum charge package was CNY360 per year and subscribers should pay fees for a minimum of three months each time. BC & TV Company was the only operator engaging in the lawful business operation of cable TV transmission business within Shaanxi Province and the only entity engaging in the centralized broadcast control of TV programs with the approval of the People's Government of Shaanxi Province. BC & TV Company admitted that it had a dominant position in the cable TV transmission business within Shaanxi Province. | | 法院经审理查明：2012年5月10日，吴小秦前往广电公司缴纳数字电视基本收视维护费时获悉，数字电视基本收视维护费每月最低标准由25元上调至30元。吴小秦缴纳了2012年5月10日至8月9日的数字电视基本收视维护费90元。广电公司向吴小秦出具的收费专用发票载明：数字电视基本收视维护费75元及数字电视节目费15元。之后，吴小秦通过广电公司客户服务中心（服务电话96766）咨询，广电公司节目升级增加了不同的收费节目，有不同的套餐，其中最低套餐基本收视费每年360元，用户每次最少应缴纳3个月费用。广电公司是经陕西省政府批准，陕西境内唯一合法经营有线电视传输业务的经营者和唯一电视节目集中播控者。广电公司承认其在有线电视传输业务中在陕西省占有支配地位。 |
| It was also found that: In accordance with the provisions of the Interim Measures for the Administration of Basic Maintenance Fees for Receiving Cable TV Programs as issued by the National Development and Reform Commission and the State Administration of Radio, Film and Television on December 2, 2004, the basic maintenance fee for receiving cable TV programs was subject to government pricing and the charge standards were formulated by the competent price department. In accordance with the provisions of the Several Opinions on Promoting the Integral Transition of Cable TV Digitalization by Pilot Entities (for Trial Implementation) issued by the State Administration of Radio, Film and Television on July 11, 2005, in the process of promoting the integral transition, all pilot entities should pay attention to popularizing paid channels and other new business for subscribers to freely choose and voluntarily subscribe. In accordance with the provisions of the Notice on the Standards for Basic Maintenance Fees for Receiving Digital TV Programs across the Province issued by the Price Bureau of Shaanxi Province on May 29, 2006, the standard for basic maintenance fee for receiving digital TV programs was one receiving terminal used by one resident subscriber for watching a TV set as the charge unit. The maintenance fee of each terminal of urban resident subscriber at or above the county level across the Province was CNY25 per month; and subscribers of cable digital TV programs may, according to their actual circumstances, voluntarily choose the payment of the basic maintenance fees for receiving TV programs monthly, quarterly, or annually. In accordance with the provisions of the Notice on Issues concerning Strengthening the Administration of Charging of Cable TV Programs as issued by the National Development and Reform Commission and the State Administration of Radio, Film and Television on August 25, 2009, the basic maintenance fees for receiving cable TV programs should be subject to government pricing; and the charging of cable TV value-added business services and paid digital TV programs should be voluntarily determined by the cable TV operating agency. | | 另查，2004年12月2日国家发展改革委、国家广电总局印发的《有线电视基本收视维护费管理暂行办法》规定：有线电视基本收视维护费实行政府定价，收费标准由价格主管部门制定。2005年7月11日国家广电总局关于印发《推进试点单位有线电视数字化整体转换的若干意见（试行）》的通知规定，各试点单位在推进整体转换过程中，要重视付费频道等新业务的推广，供用户自由选择，自愿订购。陕西省物价局于2006年5月29日出台的《关于全省数字电视基本收视维护费标准的通知》规定：数字电视基本收视维护费收费标准为：以居民用户收看一台电视机使用一个接收终端为计费单位。全省县城以上城市居民用户每主终端每月25元；有线数字电视用户可根据实际情况自愿选择按月、按季或按年度缴纳基本收视维护费。国家发展改革委、国家广电总局于2009年8月25日出台的《关于加强有线电视收费管理等有关问题的通知》指出：有线电视基本收视维护费实行政府定价；有线电视增值业务服务和数字电视付费节目收费，由有线电视运营机构自行确定。 |
In the trial of second instance, BC & TV Company submitted the photocopies of four special charge invoices, proving that before and after May 10, the business hall of BC & TV Company once charged the monthly service fee of CNY25. Since the originals were unavailable, Wu Xiaoqin did not conduct the cross-examination. After the court session, BC & TV Company submitted the originals of three special charge invoices and both parties verified them and conducted the cross-examination. It was shown in the invoices that the annual payment was CNY300, namely, CNY25 per month. BC & TV Company submitted the originals of five invoices, including the originals of three invoices once submitted in the trial of first instance, and the trading place was Xianyang City. Such originals were used to prove that before and after May 10, BC & TV Company once provided paid services at the rate of CNY25 per month.
．．．．．． | | 二审中，广电公司提供了四份收费专用发票复印件，证明在5月10日前后，广电公司的营业厅收取过25元的月服务费，因无原件，吴小秦不予质证。庭后广电公司提供了其中三张的原件，双方进行了核对与质证。该票据上均显示一年交费金额为300元，即每月25元。广电公司提供了五张票据的原件，包括一审提供过原件的三张，交易地点均为咸阳市。由此证明广电公司在5月10日前后，提供过每月25元的收费服务。
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