>>>welcome visitor, haven't logged in. Login
Subscribe Now Contact us  
Font Size:  A A A Search “Fabao” Window English 中文 = 简体  繁体
  Favorite   DownLoad   Print
 
AGREEMENT BETWEEN THE GOVERNMENT OF THE PEOPLE'S REPUBLIC OF CHINA AND THE GOVERNMENT OF JAMAICA FOR THE AVOIDANCE OF DOUBLE TAXATION AND THE PREVENTION OF FISCAL EVASION WITH RESPECT TO TAXES ON INCOME [Effective]
中华人民共和国政府和牙买加政府关于对所得避免双重征税和防止偷漏税的协定 [现行有效]
【法宝引证码】
  • Signatory: Jamaica
  • Area: Taxation
  • Category of treaties: Agreement
  • The place of signing: Beijing
  • Signing Date: 06-03-1996

The Government of the People's Republic of China and the Government of Jamaica; 中华人民共和国政府和牙买加政府,愿意缔结关于对所得避免双重征税和防止偷漏税的协定,达成协议如下:

Desiring to conclude an agreement for the avoidance of double taxation and the prevention of fiscal evasion with respect to taxes on income;
 

Have agreed as follows:
 第一条 人的范围

 
Article 1 Personal Scope 本协定适用于缔约国一方或者同时为双方居民的人。

 
This Agreement shall apply to persons who are residents of one or both of the Contracting States. 第二条 税种范围

 
Article 2 Taxes Covered 一、本协定适用于由缔约国一方或其地方当局对所得征收的所有税收,不论其征收方式如何。

 
1. This Agreement shall apply to taxes on income imposed on behalf of a Contracting State or of its local authorities, irrespective of the manner in which they are levied. 二、本协定适用的现行税种是:

 
2. The existing taxes to which the Agreement shall apply are: (一)在中华人民共和国:

 
(a) in the People's Republic of China: 1.个人所得税;

 
(i) the individual income tax; 2.外商投资企业和外国企业所得税;

 
(ii) the income tax for enterprises with foreign investment and foreign enterprises; 3.地方所得税;

 
(以下简称“中国税收”)
(iii) the local income tax; 

(hereinafter referred to as "Chinese tax" ) ;
 (二)在牙买加:

 
(b) in Jamaica: 1.所得税;

 
(i) the income tax; 2.有关财产收益的转让税。

 
(以下简称“牙买加税收”)
(ii) the transfer tax, in relation to capital gains; 

(hereinafter referred to as "Jamaican tax" ) .
 三、本协定也适用于本协定签订之日后征收的属于增加或者代替第二款所列现行税种的任何相同或者实质相似的税收。缔约国双方主管当局应将各自税法所作出的实质变动,在其变动后的适当时间内通知对方。

 
3. This Agreement shall also apply to any identical or substantially similar taxes which are imposed after the date of signature of this Agreement in addition to, or in place of, the existing taxes referred to in paragraph 2. The competent authorities of the Contracting States shall notify each other of any substantial changes which have been made in their respective taxation laws within a reasonable period of time after such changes. 第三条 一般定义

 
Article 3 General Definitions 一、在本协定中,除上下文另有解释的以外:

 
1. For the purposes of this Agreement, unless the context otherwise requires: (一)“中国”一语是指中华人民共和国;用于地理概念时,是指实施有关中国税收法律的所有中华人民共和国领土,包括领海,以及根据国际法,中华人民共和国拥有勘探和开发海底和底土资源以及海底以上水域资源的主权权利的领海以外的区域;

 
(a) the term "China" means the People's Republic of China; when used in a geographical sense, means all the territory of the People's Republic of China, including its territorial sea, in which the Chinese laws relating to taxation apply, and any area beyond its territorial sea, within which the People's Republic of China has sovereign rights of exploration for and exploitation of resources of the seabed and its sub-soil and superjacent water resources in accordance with international law; (二)“牙买加”一语是指牙买加岛、莫兰特群岛、佩德罗群岛及其属地,包括牙买加领水,以及根据国际法,牙买加行使主权和管辖权的任何领水以外的区域。

 
(b) the term "Jamaica" means the island of Jamaica, the Morant Cays, the Pedro Cays and their dependencies and includes the territorial waters of Jamaica and any area outside such territorial waters over which Jamaica exercises sovereign rights and jurisdiction in accordance with international law; (三)“缔约国一方”和“缔约国另一方”的用语,按照上下文,是指中国或者牙买加;

 
(c) the terms "a Contracting State" and "the other Contracting State" mean China or Jamaica as the context requires; (四)“税收”一语按照上下文,是指中国税收或者牙买加税收;

 
(d) the term "tax" means Chinese tax or Jamaican tax, as the context requires; (五)“人”一语包括个人、公司和其他团体;

 
(e) the term "person" includes an individual, a company and any other body of persons; (六)“公司”一语是指法人团体或者在税收上视同法人团体的实体;

 
(f) the term "company" means any body corporate or any entity which is treated as a body corporate for tax purposes; (七)“缔约国一方企业”和“缔约国另一方企业”的用语,分别指缔约国一方居民经营的企业和缔约国另一方居民经营的企业;

 
(g) the terms "enterprise of a Contracting State" and "enterprise of the other Contracting State" mean, respectively, an enterprise carried on by a resident of a Contracting State and an enterprise carried on by a resident of the other Contracting State; (八)“国民”一语:

 
(h) the term "national" means: 1.在中国,是指任何根据中国法律拥有中国国籍的个人和根据中国法律取得其地位的任何法人、合伙企业和其他法人团体;

 
(i) in the case of China, any individual possessing the nationality of China in accordance with Chinese laws and any legal person, partnership and other body corporate deriving its status as such from Chinese laws; 2.在牙买加,是指任何拥有牙买加公民身份的个人和按照牙买加法律取得其地位的任何法人、协会和其他实体;

 
(ii) in the case of Jamaica, any individual who is a citizen of Jamaica or any legal person, association and other entity deriving its status as such from the laws of Jamaica; (九)“国际运输”一语是指在缔约国一方设有总机构或实际管理机构的企业以船舶或飞机经营的运输,不包括仅在缔约国另一方各地之间以船舶或飞机经营的运输;

 
(i) the term "international traffic" means any transport by a ship or aircraft operated by an enterprise which has its place of head office or effective management in a Contracting State, except when the ship or aircraft is operated solely between places in the other Contracting State; (十)“主管当局”一语,在中国方面是指国家税务总局或其授权的代表;在牙买加方面是指主管财政的部长或其授权的代表。

 
(j) the term "competent authority" means, in the case of China, the State Administration of Taxation or its authorized representative, and in the case of Jamaica, the Minister responsible for finance or his authorized representative. 二、缔约国一方在实施本协定时,对于未经本协定明确定义的用语,除上下文另有解释的以外,应当具有该缔约国适用于本协定的税种的法律所规定的含义。

 
2. As regards the application of this Agreement by a Contracting State, any term not defined therein shall, unless the context otherwise requires, have the meaning which it has under the laws of that Contracting State concerning the taxes to which this Agreement applies. 第四条 居民

 
Article 4 Resident 一、在本协定中,“缔约国一方居民”一语是指按照该缔约国法律,由于住所、居所、总机构或实际管理机构所在地,或者其它类似的标准,在该缔约国负有纳税义务的人。

 
1. For the purposes of this Agreement, the term "resident of a Contracting State" means any person who, under the laws of that Contracting State, is liable to tax therein by reason of his domicile, residence, place of head office or effective management, or any other criterion of a similar nature. 二、由于第一款的规定,同时为缔约国双方居民的个人,其身份应按以下规则确定:

 
2. Where by reason of the provisions of paragraph 1 an individual is a resident of both Contracting States, then his status shall be determined as follows: (一)应认为是其有永久性住所所在缔约国的居民;如果在缔约国双方同时有永久性住所,应认为是与其个人和经济关系更密切(重要利益中心)所在缔约国的居民;

 
(a) He shall be deemed to be a resident of the Contracting State in which he has a permanent home available to him; if he has a permanent home available to him in both Contracting States, he shall be deemed to be a resident of the Contracting State with which his personal and economic relations are closer (centre of vital interests) ; (二)如果其重要利益中心所在国无法确定,或者在缔约国任何一方都没有永久性住所,应认为是其有习惯性居处所在国的居民;

 
(b) If the State in which he has his centre of vital interests cannot be determined, or if he has not a permanent home available to him in either Contracting State, he shall be deemed to be a resident of the State in which he has a habitual abode; (三)如果其在缔约国双方都有,或者都没有习惯性居处,应认为是其国民所属缔约国的居民;

 
(c) If he has a habitual abode in both Contracting States or in neither of them, he shall be deemed to be a resident of the Contracting State of which he is a national; (四)如果其同时是缔约国双方的国民,或者不是缔约国任何一方的国民,缔约国双方主管当局应通过协商解决。

 
(d) If he is a national of both Contracting States or of neither of them, the competent authorities of the Contracting States shall settle the question by mutual agreement. 三、由于第一款的规定,除个人以外,同时为缔约国双方居民的人,其居民身份应由缔约国双方主管当局通过相互协商确定。

 
3. Where by reason of the provisions of paragraph 1 a person other than an individual is a resident of both Contracting States, then the competent authorities of the Contracting States shall determine its residential status by mutual agreement. 第五条 常设机构

 
Article 5 Permanent Establishment 一、在本协定中,“常设机构”一语是指企业进行全部或部分营业的固定营业场所。

 
1. For the purposes of this Agreement, the term "permanent establishment" means a fixed place of business through which the business of an enterprise is wholly or partly carried on. 二、“常设机构”一语特别包括:

 
2. The term "permanent establishment" includes especially: (一)管理场所;

 
(a) a place of management; (二)分支机构;

 
(b) a branch; (三)办事处;

 
(c) an office; (四)工厂;

 
(d) a factory; (五)作业场所;

 
(e) a workshop; and (六)矿场、油井或气井、采石场或者其它开采自然资源的场所。

 
(f) a mine, an oil or gas well, a quarry or any other place of extraction of natural resources. 三、“常设机构”一语还包括:

 
3. The term "permanent establishment" likewise encompasses: (一)建筑工地,建筑、装配或安装工程,或者与其有关的监督管理活动,但仅以该工地、工程或活动连续十二个月以上的为限;

 
(a) a building site, a construction, assembly or installation project or supervisory activities in connection therewith, but only where such site, project or activities continue for a period of more than 12 months; (二)缔约国一方企业通过雇员或者雇用的其他人员,在缔约国另一方为同一个项目或相关联的项目提供的劳务,包括咨询劳务,仅以在任何二十四个月中连续或累计超过十二个月的为限。

 
(b) the furnishing of services, including consultancy services, by an enterprise of a Contracting State through employees or other engaged personnel in the other Contracting State, provided that such activities continue for the same project or a connected project for a period or periods aggregating more than 12 month within any 24 month period; (三)勘探或开发自然资源或与其有关的活动中使用的钻井机或钻井船,但仅以上述钻井机、船的使用或有关活动连续十二个月以上为限。

 
(c) a drilling rig or ship used for the exploration for or exploitation of natural resources, or in activities connected with that exploration or exploitation but only if so used continuously or those activities continue for a period of more than 12 months. 四、虽有第一款至第三款的规定,“常设机构”一语应认为不包括:

 
4. Notwithstanding the provisions of paragraphs 1 to 3, the term "permanent establishment" shall be deemed not to include: (一)专为储存、陈列或者交付本企业货物或者商品的目的而使用的设施;

 
(a) the use of facilities solely for the purpose of storage, display or delivery of goods or merchandise belonging to the enterprise; (二)专为储存、陈列或者交付的目的而保存本企业货物或者商品的库存;

 
(b) the maintenance of a stock of goods or merchandise belonging to the enterprise solely for the purpose of storage, display or delivery; (三)专为另一企业加工的目的而保存本企业货物或者商品的库存;

 
(c) the maintenance of a stock of goods or merchandise belonging to the enterprise solely for the purpose of processing by another enterprise; (四)专为本企业采购货物或者商品,或者搜集情报的目的所设的固定营业场所;

 
(d) the maintenance of a fixed place of business solely for the purpose of purchasing goods or merchandise or of collecting information, for the enterprise; (五)专为本企业进行其它准备性或辅助性活动的目的所设的固定营业场所;

 
(e) the maintenance of a fixed place of business solely for the purpose of carrying on, for the enterprise, any other activity of a preparatory or auxiliary character; (六)专为本款第(一)项至第(五)项活动的结合所设的固定营业场所,如果由于这种结合使该固定营业场所的全部活动属于准备性性质或辅助性质。

 
(f) the maintenance of a fixed place of business solely for any combination of activities mentioned in sub-paragraphs (a) to (e), provided that the overall activity of the fixed place of business resulting from this combination is of a preparatory or auxiliary character. 五、虽有第一款和第二款的规定,当一个人(除适用第六款规定的独立代理人以外)在缔约国一方代表缔约国另一方的企业进行活动,有权并经常行使这种权力以该企业的名义签订合同,这个人为该企业进行的任何活动,应认为该企业在该缔约国一方设有常设机构。除非这个人通过固定营业场所进行的活动限于第四款的规定,按照该款规定,不应认为该固定营业场所是常设机构。

 
5. Notwithstanding the provisions of paragraphs 1 and 2, where a person-other than an agent of an independent status to whom the provisions of paragra 6 apply-is acting in a Contracting State on behalf of an enterprise of the other Contracting State, and has a habitually exercises an authority to conclude contracts in the name of the enterprise, that enterprise shall be deemed to have a permanent establishment in the first-mentioned Contracting State in respect of any activities which that person undertakes for the enterprise, unless the activities of such person are limited to those mentioned in paragraph 4 which, if exercised through a fixed place of business, would not make this fixed place of business a permanent establishment under the provisions of that paragraph. 六、缔约国一方企业仅通过按常规经营本身业务的经纪人、一般佣金代理人或者任何其他独立代理人在缔约国另一方进行营业,不应认为在该缔约国另一方设有常设机构。但如果这个代理人的活动全部或几乎全部代表该企业,不应认为是本款所指的独立代理人。

 
6. An enterprise of a Contracting State shall not be deemed to have a permanent establishment in the other Contracting State merely because it carries on business in that other Contracting State through a broker, general commission agent or any other agent of an independent status, provided that such persons are acting in the ordinary course of their business. However, when the activities of such an agent are devoted wholly or almost wholly on behalf of that enterprise he will not be considered an agent of an independent status within the meaning of this paragraph. 七、缔约国一方居民公司,控制或被控制于缔约国另一方居民公司或者在该缔约国另一方进行营业的公司(不论是否通过常设机构),此项事实不能据以使任何一方公司构成另一方公司的常设机构。

 
7. The fact that a company which is a resident of a Contracting State controls or is controlled by a company which is a resident of the other Contracting State, or which carries on business in that other State (whether through a permanent establishment or otherwise), shall not of itself constitute either company a permanent establishment of the other. 第六条 不动产所得

 
Article 6 Income from Immovable Property 一、缔约国一方居民从位于缔约国另一方的不动产取得的所得(包括农业或林业所得),可以在该缔约国另一方征税。

 
二“不动产”一语应当具有财产所在地的缔约国的法律所规定的含义。该用语在任何情况下应包括附属于不动产的财产,农业和林业所使用的牲畜和设备,有关地产的一般法律规定所适用的权利,不动产的用益权以及由于开采或有权开采矿藏、水源和其它自然资源取得的不固定或固定收入的权利。船舶和飞机不应视为不动产。
1. Income derived by a resident of a Contracting State from immovable property (including income from agriculture or forestry) situated in the other Contracting State may be taxed in that other Contracting State. 

 三、第一款的规定应适用于从直接使用、出租或者任何其它形式使用不动产取得的所得。
2. The term "immovable property" shall have the meaning which it has under the law of the Contracting State in which the property in question is situated. The term shall in any case include property accessory to immovable property, livestock and equipment used in agriculture and forestry, rights to which the provisions of general law respecting landed property apply, usufruct of immovable property and rights to variable or fixed payments as consideration for the working of, or the right to work, mineral deposits, sources and other natural resources. Ships and aircraft shall not be regarded as immovable property. 

 四、第一款和第三款的规定也适用于企业的不动产所得和用于进行独立个人劳务的不动产所得。
3. The provisions of paragraph 1 shall apply to income derived from the direct use, letting, or use in any other form of immovable property. 

 第七条 营业利润
4. The provisions of paragraphs 1 and 3 shall also apply to the income from immovable property of an enterprise and to income from immovable property used for the performance of independent personal services. 

 一、缔约国一方企业的利润应仅在该缔约国征税,但该企业通过设在缔约国另一方的常设机构在该缔约国另一方进行营业的除外。如果该企业通过设在该缔约国另一方的常设机构在该缔约国另一方进行营业,其利润可以在该缔约国另一方征税,但应仅以属于该常设机构的利润为限。
Article 7 Business Profits 

 二、除适用第三款的规定以外,缔约国一方企业通过设在缔约国另一方的常设机构在该缔约国另一方进行营业,应将该常设机构视同在相同或类似情况下从事相同或类似活动的独立分设企业,并同该常设机构所隶属的企业完全独立处理,该常设机构可能得到的利润在缔约国各方应归属于该常设机构。
1. The profits of an enterprise of a Contracting State shall be taxable only in that Contracting State unless the enterprise carries on business in the other Contracting State through a permanent establishment situated therein. If the enterprise carries on business as aforesaid, the profits of the enterprise may be taxed in the other Contracting State but only so much of them as is attributable to the permanent establishment. 

 三、在确定常设机构的利润时,应当允许扣除其进行营业发生的各项费用,包括行政和一般管理费用,不论其发生于该常设机构所在国或者其它任何地方。但是,常设机构由于使用专利或其它权利支付给企业总机构或其它办事处的特许权使用费、费用或其它类似款项,或者为提供特别劳务或管理而支付的手续费,或者借款给常设机构而支付的利息,银行企业除外,都不得作任何扣除(属于偿还代垫实际发生的费用除外)。同样,在确定常设机构的利润时,也不考虑由于使用专利或其它权利常设机构从企业总机构或其它办事处取得的特许权使用费、费用或其它类似款项,或者为提供特别劳务或管理而取得的手续费,或者借款给企业总机构或任何其它办事处而收取的利息,银行企业除外(属于偿还代垫实际发生的费用除外)。
2. Subject to the provisions of paragraph 3, where an enterprise of a Contracting State carries on business in the other Contracting State through a permanent establishment situated therein, there shall in each Contracting State be attributed to that permanent establishment profits which it might be expected to make if it were a distinct and separate enterprise engaged in the same or similar activities under the same or similar conditions and dealing wholly independently with the enterprise of which it is a permanent establishment. 

 四、如果缔约国一方习惯于以企业总利润按一定比例分配给所属各单位的方法来确定常设机构的利润,则第二款规定并不妨碍该缔约国按这种习惯分配方法确定其应纳税的利润。但是,采用的分配方法所得到的结果,应与本条所规定的原则一致。
3. In determining the profits of a permanent establishment, there shall be allowed as deductions expenses which are incurred for the purposes of the business of the permanent establishment, including utive and general administrative expenses so incurred, whether in the State in which the permanent establishment is situated or elsewhere. However, no such deduction shall be allowed in respect of amounts, if any, paid (otherwise than towards reimbursement of actual expenses) by the permanent establishment to the head office of the enterprise or any of its other offices, by way of royalties, fees or other similar payments in return for the use of patents or other rights, or by way of commission, for specific services performed or for management, or, except in the case of a banking enterprise, by way of interest on moneys lent to the permanent establishment. Likewise, no account shall be taken, in the determination of the profits of a permanent establishment, for amounts charged (otherwise than towards reimbursement of actual expenses), by the permanent establishment to the head office of the enterprise or any of its other offices, by way of royalties, fees or other similar payments in return for the use of patents or other rights, or by way of commission for specific services performed or for management, or, except in the case of a banking enterprise, by way of interest on moneys lent to the head office of the enterprise or any of its other office. 

 五、不应仅由于常设机构为企业采购货物或商品,将利润归属于该常设机构。
4. In so far as it has been customary in a Contracting State to determine the profits to be attributed to a permanent establishment on the basis of an apportionment of the total profits of the enterprise to its various parts, nothing in paragraph 2 shall preclude that Contracting State from determining the profits to be taxed by such an apportionment as may be customary. The method of apportionment adopted shall, however, be such that the result shall be in accordance with the principles contained in this Article. 

 六、在第一款至第五款中,除有适当的和充分的理由需要变动外,每年应采用相同的方法确定属于常设机构的利润。
5. No profits shall be attributed to a permanent establishment by reason of the mere purchase by that permanent establishment of goods or merchandise for the enterprise. 

 七、利润中如果包括本协定其它各条单独规定的所得项目时,本条规定不应影响其它各条的规定。
6. For the purposes of paragraphs 1 to 5, the profits to be attributed to the permanent establishment shall be determined by the same method year by year unless there is good and sufficient reason to the contrary. 

 第八条 海运和空运
7. Where profits include items of income which are dealt with separately in other Articles of this Agreement then the provisions of those Articles shall not be affected by the provisions of this Article. 

 一、以船舶或飞机经营国际运输业务所取得的利润,应仅在企业总机构或实际管理机构所在缔约国征税。
Article 8 Shipping and Air Transport 

 二、船运企业的总机构或实际管理机构设在船舶上的,应以船舶母港所在缔约国为所在国;没有母港的,以船舶经营者为其居民的缔约国为所在国。
1. Profits from the operation of ships or aircraft in international traffic shall be taxable only in the Contracting State in which the place of head office or effective management of the enterprise is situated. 

 三、第一款规定也适用于参加合伙经营、联合经营或者参加国际经营机构取得的利润。
2. If the place of head office or effective management of a shipping enterprise is aboard a ship, then it shall be deemed to be situated in the Contracting State in which the home harbour of the ship is situated, or if there is no such home harbour, in the Contracting State of which the operator of the ship is a resident. 

 第九条 联属企业
3. The provisions of paragraph 1 shall also apply to profits from the participation in a pool, a joint business or an international operating agency. 

 一、当:
Article 9 Associated Enterprises 

 (一)缔约国一方企业直接或者间接参与缔约国另一方企业的管理、控制或资本,或者
1. Where: 

 (二)同一人直接或者间接参与缔约国一方企业和缔约国另一方企业的管理、控制或资本,
(a) an enterprise of a Contracting State participates directly or indirectly in the management control or capital of an enterprise of the other Contracting State; or 
在上述任何一种情况下,两个企业之间的商业或财务关系不同于独立企业之间的关系,因此,本应由其中一个企业取得,但由于这些情况而没有取得的利润,可以计入该企业的利润,并据以征税。

 
(b) the same persons participate directly or indirectly in the management, control or capital of an enterprise of a Contracting State and an enterprise of the other Contracting State, 二、缔约国一方将缔约国另一方已征税的企业利润,而这部分利润本应由该缔约国一方企业取得的,包括在该缔约国一方企业的利润内,并且加以征税时,如果这两个企业之间的关系是独立企业之间的关系,该缔约国另一方应对这部分利润所征收的税额加以调整,在确定上述调整时,应对本协定其它规定予以注意,如有必要,缔约国双方主管当局应相互协商。

and in either case conditions are made or imposed between the two enterprises in their commercial or financial relations which differ from those which would be made between independent enterprises, then any profits which would, but for those conditions, have accrued to one of the enterprises, but, by reason of those conditions, have not so accrued, may be included in the profits of that enterprise and taxed accordingly.
 

 第十条 股息
2. Where a Contracting State includes in the profits of an enterprise of that Contracting State and taxes accordingly profits on which an enterprise of the other Contracting State has been charged to tax in that other Contracting State and the profits so included are profits which would have accrued to the enterprise of the first-mentioned Contracting State if the conditions made between the two enterprises had been those which would have been made between independent enterprises, then that other State shall make an appropriate adjustment to the amount of the tax charged therein on those profits. In determining such adjustments, due regard shall be had to the other provisions of this Agreement and the competent authorities of the Contracting States shall, if necessary, consult each other. 

 一、缔约国一方居民公司支付给缔约国另一方居民的股息,可以在该缔约国另一方征税。
Article 10 Dividends 

 二、然而,这些股息也可以在支付股息的公司是其居民的缔约国,按照该缔约国法律征税。但是,如果收款人是股息受益所有人,则所征税款不应超过股息总额的百分之五。
......

Dear visitor, as a premium member of this database, you will get complete access to all content.Please go premium and get more.

1. To become a premium member, please call 400-810-8266 Ext. 171.

2. Binding to the account with access to this database.

3. Apply for a trial account.

4. To get instant access to a document, you can Pay Amount 【¥1300.00】 for your single purchase.
 
您好:您现在要进入的是北大法宝英文库会员专区。
如您是我们英文用户可直接 登录,进入会员专区查询您所需要的信息;如您还不是我们 的英文用户;您可通过网上支付进行单篇购买,支付成功后即可立即查看本篇内容。
Tel: +86 (10) 82689699, +86 (10) 82668266 ext. 153
Mobile: +86 13311570713
Fax: +86 (10) 82668268
E-mail:info@chinalawinfo.com
     
     
Scan QR Code and Read on Mobile
【法宝引证码】        北大法宝en.pkulaw.cn
Message: Please kindly comment on the present translation.
Confirmation Code:
Click image to reset code
 
  Translations are by lawinfochina.com, and we retain exclusive copyright over content found on our website except for content we publish as authorized by respective copyright owners or content that is publicly available from government sources.

Due to differences in language, legal systems, and culture, English translations of Chinese law are for reference purposes only. Please use the official Chinese-language versions as the final authority. Lawinfochina.com and its staff will not be directly or indirectly liable for use of materials found on this website.

We welcome your comments and suggestions, which assist us in continuing to improve the quality of our materials as we dynamically expand content.
 
Home | About us | Disclaimer | Chinese