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| Announcement of the Supreme People's Court | | 最高人民法院公告 |
The Provisions of the Supreme People's Court on Several Issues Concerning the Application of Law in Handling Cases of Commutation and Parole, as adopted at the 1532nd session of the Judicial Committee of the Supreme People's Court on November 21, 2011, are hereby promulgated and shall come into force on July 1, 2012. Supreme People's Court | |
最高人民法院《关于办理减刑、假释案件具体应用法律若干问题的规定》已于2011年11月21日由最高人民法院审判委员会第1532次会议通过，现予公布，自2012年7月1日起施行。最高人民法院 |
January 17, 2012 | |
二○一二年一月十七日 |
Provisions of the Supreme People's Court on Several Issues Concerning the Application of Law in Handling Cases of Commutation and Parole | |
最高人民法院关于办理减刑、假释案件具体应用法律若干问题的规定 |
(Interpretation No. 2 [2012] of the Supreme People's Court) | |
（法释〔2012〕2号） |
For purposes of properly applying the Criminal Law and the Criminal Procedure Law and handling cases of commutation or parole in accordance with law, these Provisions are formulated pursuant to the Criminal Law, the Criminal Procedure Law, and relevant provisions. | |
为正确适用刑法、刑事诉讼法，依法办理减刑、假释案件，根据刑法、刑事诉讼法和有关法律的规定，制定本规定。 |
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| Article 1 Pursuant to paragraph 1 of Article 78 of the Criminal Law, “where a convict sentenced to public surveillance, criminal detention, a fixed-term imprisonment, or life imprisonment conscientiously observes prison rules, accepts reform through education, and shows true remorse, or performs meritorious service while serving a sentence, a commutation of the sentence may be given; if the convict performs major meritorious service, a commutation of the sentence shall be given.” | | 第一条 根据刑法第七十八条第一款的规定，被判处管制、拘役、有期徒刑、无期徒刑的犯罪分子，在执行期间，认真遵守监规，接受教育改造，确有悔改表现的，或者有立功表现的，可以减刑；有重大立功表现的，应当减刑。 |
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| Article 2 The phrase “show true remorse” shall refer to concurrently having the following four circumstances: making a confession and showing remorse; conscientiously observing laws, regulations, and prison rules and being willing to accept reform through education; actively participating in ideological, cultural, vocational and technical education; and actively participating in labor activities and putting forth efforts to fulfill labor tasks. | | 第二条 “确有悔改表现”是指同时具备以下四个方面情形：认罪悔罪；认真遵守法律法规及监规，接受教育改造；积极参加思想、文化、职业技术教育；积极参加劳动，努力完成劳动任务。 |
Where a convict files a petition while serving a sentence, the convict's right to petition shall be protected according to law; and the convict's petition shall not be deemed, without further analysis, as the convict's unwillingness to make a confession and show remorse. | |
对罪犯在刑罚执行期间提出申诉的，要依法保护其申诉权利，对罪犯申诉不应不加分析地认为是不认罪悔罪。 |
Where a convict serves a property-related sentence in a positive manner and performs incidental civil compensation liability, the convict may be deemed to have made a confession and shown remorse, and may be handled with leniency regarding commutation or parole; where a convict in fact has the ability but does not serve a sentence in a positive manner and perform incidental civil compensation liability, the convict shall be strictly handled regarding commutation or parole. | |
罪犯积极执行财产刑和履行附带民事赔偿义务的，可视为有认罪悔罪表现，在减刑、假释时可以从宽掌握；确有执行、履行能力而不执行、不履行的，在减刑、假释时应当从严掌握。 |
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| Article 3 Under any of the following circumstances, it shall be determined that a convict performs “meritorious service”: | | 第三条 具有下列情形之一的，应当认定为有“立功表现”： |
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| (1) preventing any other person from committing a crime; | | （一）阻止他人实施犯罪活动的； |
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| (2) reporting or exposing criminal activities inside or outside prison or providing important clues for the handling of a case, with such information verified after investigation; | | （二）检举、揭发监狱内外犯罪活动，或者提供重要的破案线索，经查证属实的； |
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| (3) assisting judicial authorities in the arrest of any other criminal suspect (including an accomplice); | | （三）协助司法机关抓捕其他犯罪嫌疑人（包括同案犯）的； |
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| (4) conducting technical innovations in production and R&D activities, and having outstanding performance; | | （四）在生产、科研中进行技术革新，成绩突出的； |
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| (5) displaying good performance in emergency rescue and disaster relief or removing any grave accident; or | | （五）在抢险救灾或者排除重大事故中表现突出的； |
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| (6) making other contributions to the state or society. | | （六）对国家和社会有其他贡献的。 |
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| Article 4 Under any of the following circumstances, it shall be determined that a convict performs “major meritorious service": | | 第四条 具有下列情形之一的，应当认定为有“重大立功表现”： |
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| (1) preventing any other person from committing a major crime; | | （一）阻止他人实施重大犯罪活动的； |
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| (2) reporting major criminal activities inside or outside prison, with such report verified after investigation; | | （二）检举监狱内外重大犯罪活动，经查证属实的； |
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| (3) assisting the judicial authorities in the arresting of major criminal suspect (including an accomplice); | | （三）协助司法机关抓捕其他重大犯罪嫌疑人（包括同案犯）的； |
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| (4) creating inventions or major technological innovations; | | （四）有发明创造或者重大技术革新的； |
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| (5) risking one's own life to save another person during daily life and production activities; | | （五）在日常生产、生活中舍己救人的； |
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| (6) performing outstanding service in combating natural disasters or preventing major accidents; or | | （六）在抗御自然灾害或者排除重大事故中，有特别突出表现的； |
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| (7) making other major contributions to the state or society. | | （七）对国家和社会有其他重大贡献的。 |
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| Article 5 During the period when a convict serves a sentence of a fixed-term imprisonment, where the convict meets conditions for commutation, the commutation range is as follows: where the convict shows true remorse or performs meritorious service, the commutation per instance shall generally not exceed one year of fixed-term imprisonment; where the convict shows true remorse and performs meritorious service, or has performed major meritorious service, the commutation per instance shall generally not exceed two years of fixed-term imprisonment. | | 第五条 有期徒刑罪犯在刑罚执行期间，符合减刑条件的，减刑幅度为：确有悔改表现，或者有立功表现的，一次减刑一般不超过一年有期徒刑；确有悔改表现并有立功表现，或者有重大立功表现的，一次减刑一般不超过二年有期徒刑。 |
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| Article 6 The commencement date and time interval for the commutation of a convict's fixed-term imprisonment are: for a convict with a fixed-term imprisonment of five years or more, the convict's sentence may be commuted after serving 18 months or more, and the interval between two commutations shall generally be one year or more. For a convict with a fixed-term imprisonment of less than five years, the commencement date and time interval for commutation may be appropriately shortened in accordance with the above provisions. | | 第六条 有期徒刑罪犯的减刑起始时间和间隔时间为：被判处五年以上有期徒刑的罪犯，一般在执行一年六个月以上方可减刑，两次减刑之间一般应当间隔一年以上。被判处不满五年有期徒刑的罪犯，可以比照上述规定，适当缩短起始和间隔时间。 |
Where a convict performs major meritorious service, the convict is not required to be subject to the above restrictions on the commencement date and time interval for commutation. | |
确有重大立功表现的，可以不受上述减刑起始和间隔时间的限制。 |
The commencement date for the commutation of a fixed-term imprisonment shall be calculated from the date when a judgment commences enforcement. | |
有期徒刑的减刑起始时间自判决执行之日起计算。 |
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| Article 7 Where a convict with life imprisonment shows true remorse or performs meritorious service while serving the sentence, the convict's sentence may be commuted after serving two years of the sentence. The commutation range is: where a convict shows true remorse or performs meritorious service, the sentence may generally be commuted to a fixed-term imprisonment of 20 to 22 years; where the convict performs major meritorious service, the sentence may be commuted to a fixed-term imprisonment of 15 to 20 years. | | 第七条 |
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Article 8 After one or multiple commutations, the actual term of serving the sentence of a convict sentenced to life imprisonment shall not be less than 13 years, with the commencement date calculated from the date when the life imprisonment judgment is rendered.
．．．．．． | | 第八条 无期徒刑罪犯经过一次或几次减刑后，其实际执行的刑期不能少于十三年，起始时间应当自无期徒刑判决确定之日起计算。
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