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Several Opinions of the Supreme People's Procuratorate on Improving the Judicial Accountability System of the People' Procuratorates [Effective]
最高人民检察院关于完善人民检察院司法责任制的若干意见 [现行有效]
【法宝引证码】

Several Opinions of the Supreme People's Procuratorate on Improving the Judicial Accountability System of the People's Procuratorates 

最高人民检察院关于完善人民检察院司法责任制的若干意见

(September 28, 2015) (2015年9月25日 高检发[2015]10号)

In order to better guarantee that the people's procuratorates independently and impartially exercise the procuratorial power in accordance with the law and enhance the judicial credibility, the following opinions on improving the judicial accountability system of the people's procuratorates are hereby offered. 为更好地保障人民检察院依法独立公正行使检察权,提高司法公信力,现就完善人民检察院司法责任制提出如下意见。
I. Objectives and basic principles   一、目标和基本原则
1. The objectives of improving the judicial accountability system of the people's procuratorates are: to improve the case-handling organization of the procuratorates, scientifically define the power of judicial authorities in the handling of cases, improve the case-handling accountability system of the procuratorates, build an impartial and effective operational mechanism for procuratorial power as well as a fair and reasonable judicial liability determination and investigation mechanism, and ensure that the person who handles the case shall assume liability and the person who make a decision shall be assume liability. 1.完善人民检察院司法责任制的目标是:健全司法办案组织,科学界定内部司法办案权限,完善司法办案责任体系,构建公正高效的检察权运行机制和公平合理的司法责任认定、追究机制,做到谁办案谁负责、谁决定谁负责。
2. The basic principles for improving the judicial accountability system of the people's procuratorates are: adhering to judicial rules and conforming to the professional characteristics of the procuratorial work; adhering to the combination of highlighting procurators' subject status in the handling of cases and strengthening supervision and restriction; adhering to clear and equal powers and liabilities; adhering to the consistency between subjective faults and objective acts and the correspondence between liability and punishment. 2.完善人民检察院司法责任制的基本原则是:坚持遵循司法规律,符合检察职业特点;坚持突出检察官办案主体地位与加强监督制约相结合;坚持权责明晰,权责相当;坚持主观过错与客观行为相一致,责任与处罚相适应。
II. Improving the case-handling organization and operational mechanism of the procuratorates   二、健全司法办案组织及运行机制
3. The accountability system for the handling of cases by procurators shall be implemented. The classified management of procuratorial personnel shall be conducted, and the quota system for procurators shall be implemented. Procurators shall handle cases at the judicial frontline, and shall be liable for the quality of cases handled for life. The cases handled by procurators who act as the leaders of people's procuratorates shall reach a certain number. The persons in charge of business departments must be held by procurators. 3.推行检察官办案责任制。实行检察人员分类管理,落实检察官员额制。检察官必须在司法一线办案,并对办案质量终身负责。担任院领导职务的检察官办案要达到一定数量。业务部门负责人须由检察官担任。
4. The case-handling organization form of the procuratorates shall be improved. According to the need of performance of functions and the types and complexity of cases, the case-handling organization form, i.e. a sole procurator or a procurators' case-handling group, shall apply. 4.健全司法办案组织形式。根据履行职能需要、案件类型及复杂难易程度,实行独任检察官或检察官办案组的办案组织形式。
For a case handled by a sole procurator, necessary ancillary procuratorial personnel shall be manned. 独任检察官承办案件,配备必要的检察辅助人员。
A procurators' case-handling group shall consist of two or more procurators and be manned with necessary ancillary procuratorial personnel. A procurators' case-handling group may be set relatively fixedly, or formed provisionally based on the need of the procuratorate for the handling of cases, and the person in charge of the case-handling group shall be the principal procurator. 检察官办案组由两名以上检察官组成,配备必要的检察辅助人员。检察官办案组可以相对固定设置,也可以根据司法办案需要临时组成,办案组负责人为主任检察官。
5. A case involving examination for arrest or examination for prosecution shall be generally handled by a sole procurator; and a significant, difficult or complicated case may also be handled by a procurators' case-handling group. The sole procurator and principal procurator shall report to chief procurators (deputy chief procurators in charge), and make decisions on case-handling matters within the scope of their functions and powers. 5.审查逮捕、审查起诉案件,一般由独任检察官承办,重大、疑难、复杂案件也可以由检察官办案组承办。独任检察官、主任检察官对检察长(分管副检察长)负责,在职权范围内对办案事项作出决定。
6. A case directly accepted and docketed for investigation by a people's procuratorate shall be generally handled by a procurators' case-handling group; and simple cases may also be handled by a sole procurator. For such matters as deciding to conduct preliminary investigation, docketing a case, or concluding the investigation, the principal procurator or sole procurator shall offer opinions and the person in charge of duty-related crime investigation department shall submit the opinions upon examination to the chief procurator (deputy chief procurator in charge) for decision. 6.人民检察院直接受理立案侦查的案件,一般由检察官办案组承办,简单案件也可以由独任检察官承办。决定初查、立案、侦查终结等事项,由主任检察官或独任检察官提出意见,经职务犯罪侦查部门负责人审核后报检察长(分管副检察长)决定。
7. A litigation supervision case or any other legal supervision case may be handled by a sole procurator or by a procurators' case-handling group. The sole procurator or the principal procurator shall report to the chief procurator (deputy chief procurator in charge), and make decisions on case-handling matters within the scope of his or her functions and powers. When proposing the correction of illegal opinions or procuratorial suggestions, termination of examination, or rejection of supervision applications or lodging (submitting) an appeal in the name of a people's procuratorate, the chief procurator (deputy chief procurator in charge) or procuratorial committee shall make decisions thereon. 7.诉讼监督等其他法律监督案件,可以由独任检察官承办,也可以由检察官办案组承办。独任检察官、主任检察官对检察长(分管副检察长)负责,在职权范围内对办案事项作出决定。以人民检察院名义提出纠正违法意见、检察建议、终结审查、不支持监督申请或提出(提请)抗诉的,由检察长(分管副检察长)或检察委员会决定。
8. Where a chief procurator (deputy chief procurator in charge) participates in a procurator case-handling group or independently handles a case, he or she may make decisions on case-handling matters within the scope of his or her functions and powers. 8.检察长(分管副检察长)参加检察官办案组或独任承办案件的,可以在职权范围内对办案事项作出决定。
9. Legal documents prepared and issued in the name of a people's procuratorate shall be signed and issued by its chief procurator (deputy chief procurator in charge). 9.以人民检察院名义制发的法律文书,由检察长(分管副检察长)签发。
10. A chief procurator (deputy chief procurator in charge) has the power to examine cases handled by sole procurators or procurators' case-handling groups. If a chief procurator (deputy chief procurator in charge) disagrees with the handling opinions of a procurator, he or she may require the procurator to review or submit the case to the procuratorial committee for discussion and decision, or may also directly make decisions. The opinions and decisions requiring the review shall be made in writing and included in case files. 10.检察长(分管副检察长)有权对独任检察官、检察官办案组承办的案件进行审核。检察长(分管副检察长)不同意检察官处理意见,可以要求检察官复核或提请检察委员会讨论决定,也可以直接作出决定。要求复核的意见、决定应当以书面形式作出,归入案件卷宗。
When executing the decision made by a chief procurator (deputy chief procurator in charge), the procurator may raise an objection if he or she deems the decision is erroneous; if the chief procurator (deputy chief procurator in charge) does not change the decision or requires the procurator to immediately execute the decision, the procurator shall execute the decision, and the chief procurator (deputy chief procurator in charge) shall be liable for the consequences of such execution while the procurator is not required to assume any judicial liability. When executing the decision made by a chief procurator (deputy chief procurator in charge) that evidently violates the law, the procurator shall assume judicial liability. 检察官执行检察长(分管副检察长)决定时,认为决定错误的,可以提出异议;检察长(分管副检察长)不改变该决定,或要求立即执行的,检察官应当执行,执行的后果由检察长(分管副检察长)负责,检察官不承担司法责任。检察官执行检察长(分管副检察长)明显违法的决定的,应当承担相应的司法责任。
III. Improving the operation mechanism of a procuratorial committee   三、健全检察委员会运行机制
11. The work of the procuratorial committee shall be improved in a more legal, democratic, scientific manner. The role of the procuratorial committee in deciding, guiding and overseeing major cases and other major issues shall be played. The cases subject to the discussion and decision of the procuratorial committee shall mainly include significant, difficult and complicated cases, cases involving national security, diplomacy, and social stability, and law, and cases for which people's procuratorates at a lower level request for reconsideration. 11.提高检察委员会工作法治化、民主化、科学化水平,发挥检察委员会对重大案件和其他重大问题的决策、指导和监督功能。检察委员会讨论决定的案件,主要是本院办理的重大、疑难、复杂案件,涉及国家安全、外交、社会稳定的案件,下一级人民检察院提请复议的案件。
12. The procuratorial committee shall consist of chief procurator, deputy chief procurators, full-time members and some senior procuratorial personnel. 12.检察委员会由检察长、副检察长、专职委员和部分资深检察员组成。
13. A procurator may request the procuratorial committee to discuss the case handled, and report the case to the chief procurator for decision under the procedures. 13.检察官可以就承办的案件提出提请检察委员会讨论的请求,依程序报检察长决定。
14. Before a case is voted on at the procuratorial committee, they shall have a full discussion. In the vote, a system of voting in an ascending order shall apply. The meetings of the procuratorial committee shall be faithfully recorded by specialized persons and be put on file for future reference. 14.检察委员会对案件进行表决前,应当进行充分讨论。表决实行主持人末位表态制。检察委员会会议由专门人员如实记录,并按照规定存档备查。
15. The decision-making advisory mechanism of the procuratorial committee shall be improved. The expert advisory committee, professional research team and other institutions supporting the decision making of the procuratorial committee shall be established and improved. When discussing a case, the procuratorial committee may invite experts to the scene to offer advisory opinions. 15.完善检察委员会决策咨询机制。建立健全专家咨询委员会、专业研究小组等检察委员会决策辅助机构。检察委员会讨论案件,可以邀请有关专家到场发表咨询意见。
IV. Specifying the duties and powers of the procuratorial personnel   四、明确检察人员职责权限
16. The chief procurator of a people's procuratorate shall lead the work of the people's procuratorate in a unified manner, and perform the following duties in accordance with the law and the relevant provisions: 16.检察长统一领导人民检察院的工作,依照法律和有关规定履行以下职责:
(1) Deciding whether to arrest or whether to approve the arrest of a criminal suspect. (一)决定是否逮捕或是否批准逮捕犯罪嫌疑人;
(2) Deciding whether to initiate a public prosecution. (二)决定是否起诉;
(3) Deciding whether to lodge an appeal, offer procuratorial suggestions, present an opinion on correcting the violation of law, or lodge an appeal to the people's procuratorate at a higher level, and decided whether to terminate examination or not support an application for supervision. (三)决定是否提出抗诉、检察建议、纠正违法意见或提请抗诉,决定终结审查、不支持监督申请;
(4) Deciding to docket a case, not to docket a case, or revoke the case, or making a reconsideration, review, or reexamination decision, in respect of a case that is directly accepted and docketed for investigation by the people's procuratorate. (四)对人民检察院直接受理立案侦查的案件,决定立案、不立案、撤销案件以及复议、复核、复查;
(5) Deciding to take compulsory measures, or deciding to seize, impound, or freeze property or take other important investigation measures, in respect of a case that is directly accepted and docketed for investigation by the people's procuratorate. (五)对人民检察院直接受理立案侦查的案件,决定采取强制措施,决定采取查封、扣押、冻结财产等重要侦查措施;
(6) Deciding to request the procuratorial committee to discuss a case, and presiding at the meetings of the procuratorial committee. (六)决定将案件提请检察委员会讨论,主持检察委员会会议;
(7) Deciding to disqualify a procuratorial person. (七)决定检察人员的回避;
(8) Presiding at the evaluation of the procurator evaluation committee for procurators; (八)主持检察官考评委员会对检察官进行考评;
(9) Organizing the research on major issues encountered in the procuratorial work. (九)组织研究检察工作中的重大问题;
(10) Other duties that the procurator should perform as legally required. (十)法律规定应当由检察长履行的其他职责。
The deputy chief procurators and the full-time members of the procuratorial committee may be authorized by the chief procurator to relevant duties as set out in the preceding paragraph. 副检察长、检察委员会专职委员受检察长委托,可以履行前款规定的相关职责。
17. A procurator shall perform his or her duties as legally required and authorized by a chief procurator. 17.检察官依照法律规定和检察长委托履行职责。
In the handling of a case, a procurator shall legally interrogate any criminal suspect or defendant at least once in person. 检察官承办案件,依法应当讯问犯罪嫌疑人、被告人的,至少亲自讯问一次。
The following case-handing matters shall be undertaken in person by a procurator: 下列办案事项应当由检察官亲自承担:
(1) Interviewing key witnesses and other litigation participants who have a significant impact on the proceedings. (一)询问关键证人和对诉讼活动具有重要影响的其他诉讼参与人;
(2) For a significant case, organizing crime scene investigations and inspections, organizing searches, organizing the seizure and impoundment of physical evidence and documentary evidence, and deciding to conduct identification or evaluation. (二)对重大案件组织现场勘验、检查,组织实施搜查,组织实施查封、扣押物证、书证,决定进行鉴定;
(3) Organizing the collection, submission, and examination of evidence. (三)组织收集、调取、审核证据;
(4) Presiding at the public examination and announcement of the handling decision.
......
 (四)主持公开审查、宣布处理决定;
......

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