| Announcement of the Supreme People's Court and the Supreme People's Procuratorate | | 中华人民共和国最高人民法院、中华人民共和国最高人民检察院公告 |
| The Interpretation of the Supreme People's Court and the Supreme People's Procuratorate on Several Issues concerning the Application of Law in the Handling of Criminal Cases regarding False Litigation, as adopted at the 1,732nd session of the Judicial Committee of the Supreme People's Court on January 25, 2018 and the 2nd session of the Thirteenth Procuratorial Committee of the Supreme People's Procuratorate on June 13, 2018, is hereby issued and shall come into force on October 1, 2018. | | 最高人民法院、最高人民检察院《关于办理虚假诉讼刑事案件适用法律若干问题的解释》已于2018年1月25日由最高人民法院审判委员会第1732次会议、2018年6月13日由最高人民检察院第十三届检察委员会第二次会议通过，现予公布，自2018年10月1日起施行。 |
Supreme People's Court | | 最高人民法院 |
| Supreme People's Procuratorate | | 最高人民检察院 |
| September 26, 2018 | | 2018年9月26日 |
| Interpretation of the Supreme People's Court and the Supreme People's Procuratorate on Several Issues concerning the Application of Law in the Handling of Criminal Cases regarding False Litigation | | 最高人民法院、最高人民检察院关于办理虚假诉讼刑事案件适用法律若干问题的解释 |
| (Adopted at the 1,732nd session of the Judicial Committee of the Supreme People's Court on January 25, 2018 and the 2nd session of the Thirteenth Procuratorial Committee of the Supreme People's Procuratorate on June 13, 2018, coming into force on October 1, 2018, Interpretation No. 17 [2018] of the Supreme People's Court) | | （法释〔2018〕17号） |
| For the purposes of legally punishing criminal activities of false litigation, maintaining the judicial order, and safeguarding the lawful rights and interests of citizens, legal persons, and other organizations, in accordance with the Criminal Law of the People's Republic of China (hereinafter referred to as the “Criminal Law”), the Criminal Procedure Law of the People's Republic of China, the Civil Procedure Law of the People's Republic of China (hereinafter referred to as the “Civil Procedure Law”), and other relevant legal provisions, several issues concerning the application of law in the handling of criminal cases regarding false litigation are hereby interpreted as follows: | | 为依法惩治虚假诉讼犯罪活动，维护司法秩序，保护公民、法人和其他组织合法权益，根据《中华人民共和国刑法》《中华人民共和国刑事诉讼法》《中华人民共和国民事诉讼法》等法律规定，现就办理此类刑事案件适用法律的若干问题解释如下： |
| Article 1 Where an actor commits any of the following acts by means of falsifying evidence and making a false statement, fabricates a civil legal relationship, invents civil disputes, and files a civil lawsuit with a people's court, it shall be determined as “filing a civil lawsuit based on any fabricated facts” as prescribed in paragraph 1 of Article 307(I) of the Criminal Law: | | 第一条 采取伪造证据、虚假陈述等手段，实施下列行为之一，捏造民事法律关系，虚构民事纠纷，向人民法院提起民事诉讼的，应当认定为刑法第三百零七条之一第一款规定的“以捏造的事实提起民事诉讼”： |
| (1) fabricating joint marital debts in malicious collusion with one spouse; | | （一）与夫妻一方恶意串通，捏造夫妻共同债务的； |
| (2) fabricating a debtor-creditor relationship or an agreement on offsetting debts with property in malicious collusion with others; | | （二）与他人恶意串通，捏造债权债务关系和以物抵债协议的； |
| (3) fabricating debts or guarantee obligations of a company or enterprise in malicious collusion with the legal representative, director, manager, or other management personnel of the company or enterprise; | | （三）与公司、企业的法定代表人、董事、监事、经理或者其他管理人员恶意串通，捏造公司、企业债务或者担保义务的； |
| (4) fabricating an intellectual property infringement relationship or unfair competition relationship; | | （四）捏造知识产权侵权关系或者不正当竞争关系的； |
| (5) declaring fabricated creditor's rights in the handing of a bankruptcy case; | | （五）在破产案件审理过程中申报捏造的债权的； |
| (6) fabricating creditor's rights or priority and security interest of sealed, seized, or frozen property in malicious collusion with the person subject to enforcement; or | | （六）与被执行人恶意串通，捏造债权或者对查封、扣押、冻结财产的优先权、担保物权的； |
| (7) any other act of fabricating such civil legal relationships as identity, contract, tort, and inheritance unilaterally or in malicious collusion with others. | | （七）单方或者与他人恶意串通，捏造身份、合同、侵权、继承等民事法律关系的其他行为。 |
| Where an actor conceals the fact that the debt has been discharged in full, files a civil lawsuit with a people's court, and requires other person's payment of debts, it shall be deemed as “filing a civil lawsuit based on any fabricated facts.” | | 隐瞒债务已经全部清偿的事实，向人民法院提起民事诉讼，要求他人履行债务的，以“以捏造的事实提起民事诉讼”论。 |
| Where an actor files an application with the people's court for enforcing an arbitral award or notarized debt instrument entered based on any fabricated facts or in the process of civil enforcement, raises an objection to the subject matter of enforcement or applies for participating in the enforcement of property distribution based on any fabricated facts, it shall be deemed as “filing a civil lawsuit based on any fabricated facts.” as prescribed in paragraph 1 of Article 307(I) of the Criminal Law. | | 向人民法院申请执行基于捏造的事实作出的仲裁裁决、公证债权文书，或者在民事执行过程中以捏造的事实对执行标的提出异议、申请参与执行财产分配的，属于刑法第三百零七条之一第一款规定的“以捏造的事实提起民事诉讼”。 |
| Article 2 Where an actor files a civil lawsuit based on any fabricated facts, under any of the following circumstances, it shall be determined as “disrupting the judicial order or seriously infringing upon any otherperson's lawful rights and interests” as prescribed in paragraph 1 of Article 307(I) of the Criminal Law: | | 第二条 以捏造的事实提起民事诉讼，有下列情形之一的，应当认定为刑法第三百零七条之一第一款规定的“妨害司法秩序或者严重侵害他人合法权益”： |
(1) making the people's court adopt the measure of property preservation or conduct preservation based on any fabricated facts;
．．．．．． | | （一）致使人民法院基于捏造的事实采取财产保全或者行为保全措施的；
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