| Opinions of the Ministry of Ecology and Environment on Severely Punishing Fraudulent Practices to Improve the Quality of Environmental Impact Assessment | | 生态环境部关于严惩弄虚作假提高环评质量的意见 |
| (No. 48 [2020] of the Ministry of Ecology and Environment) | | （环环评〔2020〕48号） |
| The ecology and environment departments (bureaus) of all provinces, autonomous regions, and municipalities directly under the Central Government; and the Ecology and Environment Bureau of the Xinjiang Production and Construction Corps: | | 各省、自治区、直辖市生态环境厅（局），新疆生产建设兵团生态环境局： |
| Environmental impact assessment (“EIA”) provides a legal means to control environment access conditions for construction projects and plans, and serves as the first line of defense to protect lucid waters and lush mountains in the development process. It also plays a significant role in coordinating efforts to promote high-quality economic growth and high-standard environment protection. However, there have been frequent fraudulent practices in EIA, leading to a strong social response. Some construction entities and plan preparation institutions fail to fulfill their duties and focus too much on formalities, some EIA entities have a poor sense of responsibility and low competency, and some local authorities act improperly in EIA oversight and supervision. All these problems have seriously impaired the credibility and effectiveness of the EIA system. Quality is the lifeblood of EIA work. Therefore, in order to severely punish the fraudulent practices in EIA, strengthen the traceability mechanism and the accountability system, and further leverage the role of EIA in preventing these problems at the source, these Opinions are hereby offered as follows. | | 环评是约束项目与规划环境准入的法制保障，是在发展中守住绿水青山的第一道防线，为协同推进经济高质量发展和生态环境高水平保护发挥着重要作用。但环评弄虚作假问题仍时有发生，社会反响强烈，暴露出一些建设单位和规划编制机关主体责任不落实、重形式走过场，一些环评单位责任心差、能力水平不高，一些地方把关和监管不到位等问题，严重损害了环评制度的公信力和有效性。环评质量是环评工作的“生命线”，为严厉打击环评领域弄虚作假行为，强化溯源机制和责任追究制度，进一步发挥环评源头预防作用，制定本意见。 |
| I. Typical frauds in EIA work | | 一、环评领域典型弄虚作假情形 |
| 1. Plagiarism in EIA documents: mainly including construction sites, main construction tasks and production processes in EIA documents (i.e. the environmental impact report and environmental impact form of a construction project, and the environmental impact report of a construction plan) that obviously do not belong to the said project; the basic conditions, discharge of pollutants and performance standards of current construction work that obviously do not belong to the said project; and the current status of environment and prediction and assessment results that obviously do not belong to the said project or plan. | | （一）环评文件抄袭。主要包括环评文件（指建设项目环境影响报告书、报告表和规划环境影响报告书）中项目建设地点、主体工程及其生产工艺明显不属于本项目的；现有工程基本情况、污染物排放及达标情况明显不属于本项目的；环境现状调查、预测评价结果明显不属于本项目或规划的。 |
| 2. Omissions of essential contents: mainly including the actual operations of a construction project that are concealed by EIA documents; the omissions of major environmental protection targets such as ecological red lines, natural reserves, drinking water source reserve areas or areas with residence, health care, culture and education as main functions; failure to investigate and assess the current status of environmental elements or to predict and assess environmental elements or environmental risks; and failure to provide effective measures for the prevention and control of environmental pollution and ecological damages. | | （二）关键内容遗漏。主要包括环评文件隐瞒项目实际开工情况的；遗漏生态保护红线、自然保护区、饮用水水源保护区或者以居住、医疗卫生、文化教育为主要功能的区域等重要环境保护目标的；未开展相关环境要素现状调查与评价、相关环境要素或者环境风险预测与评价的；未提出有效的环境污染和生态破坏防治措施的。 |
| 3. Erroneous EIA data and conclusions: mainly including fabricating or tampering with data regarding the monitoring and investigation of current status of environment or the results of identifying hazardous wastes in EIA documents; fabricating the contents or results of investigation, prediction and assessment of current status of environmental elements or environmental risks; lowering EIA standards, which results in incorrect EIA conclusions; and drawing a conclusion that environmental impacts are acceptable even though the project type, site selection, layout and scale of a construction project fail to comply with the laws and regulations on environmental protection. | | （三）数据结论错误。主要包括环评文件编造、篡改环境现状监测、调查数据或者危险废物鉴别结果的；编造相关环境要素或环境风险等现状调查、预测、评价内容或结果的；降低环评标准，致使环评结论不正确的；建设项目类型及其选址、布局、规模等明显不符合环境保护法律法规，仍给出环境影响可行结论的。 |
| 4. Other fraudulent acts: mainly including the acts of construction entities and plan preparation institutions in fabricating the facts of public participation or tampering with the actual results of public participation surveys even though they do not organize any public participation at all; the acts of plan preparation institutions in purposefully tampering with or concealing construction tasks or scale in order to lower the types of EIA documents or the level of EIA work; the acts of EIA entities, presiding preparers or leading preparers of EIA documents in faking or forging signatures or seals of others in EIA documents; and other basic information that are evidently untrue as well as contents or conclusions that are heavily falsified. | | （四）其他造假情形。主要包括建设单位和规划编制机关未组织开展公众参与却凭空编造公众参与内容，或者篡改实际公众参与调查结果的；相关单位故意篡改、隐瞒工程建设内容、规模等，以降低环评文件类型或者评价工作等级的；环评单位、环评文件编制主持人、主要编制人员在环评文件中假冒、伪造他人签字签章的；其他基础资料明显不实，内容、结论有重大虚假的。 |
| II. Implementing the responsibilities of the relevant entities and personnel | | 二、落实相关单位和人员责任 |
| 5. Highlighting the primary responsibilities of construction entities and plan preparation institutions. Construction entities shall organize EIA work according to laws and regulations before the initiation of a project, and plan preparation institutions shall conduct EIA for plans before the submission of the draft of a development and construction plan for approval. Construction entities and plan preparation institutions shall be responsible for the contents and conclusions of EIA documents. When entrusting technical entities to prepare EIA documents, construction entities and plan preparation institutions may take the assessment results of EIA credit platforms and the ecology and environment departments for reference, select EIA entities with good credibility and technical expertise, and specify the requirements for the quality of EIA documents in their contracts. In the EIA process, efforts shall be made to provide true basic information, strengthen organization and management, control the progress of EIA work, and carefully review the contents and conclusions of EIA documents. Construction entities and plan preparation institutions shall work with EIA entities to study and develop the measures for the protection of ecological environment, and ensure that investments and funds for environmental protection are in place. For projects and plans for which an environmental impact report is prepared, construction entities and plan preparation institutions shall arrange public participation in EIA work as required and be responsible for the authenticity and consequence of public participation. | | （五）突出建设单位和规划编制机关主体责任。建设单位应在项目开工前依法依规组织开展环评工作，规划编制机关应在开发建设规划草案报批前组织开展规划环评工作，并对环评文件内容和结论负责。在委托技术单位编制环评文件时，可参考环评信用平台和生态环境部门相关考核结果，选用信用良好、技术能力强的环评单位，并在合同中明确环评文件质量要求。在环评过程中应如实提供相关基础资料，加强组织管理，掌握环评工作进展，并对环评文件的内容和结论进行审核。建设单位、规划编制机关应与环评单位共同研究制定生态环境保护措施，落实环境保护投入和资金来源。对编制环境影响报告书的项目和规划，应按要求开展环评公众参与工作，对公众参与的真实性和结果负责。 |
6. Emphasizing the direct responsibilities of EIA entities and personnel. EIA entities shall assume the relevant responsibilities for the contents and conclusions of EIA documents, and ensure that the contents of EIA documents are authentic, objective, complete and precise. A quality control system that covers the whole process of EIA work shall be established so as to create complete records for preparation work that can be traceable; technical reports, data and materials provided by the relevant entities shall be reviewed; and the conclusions of EIA work shall be truthfully reported to the construction entities and plan preparation institutions. Presiding preparers shall arrange the on-site visits, organize and participate in the preparation of EIA documents in the whole process, and strengthen efforts to coordinate the preparation work.
．．．．．． | | （六）强化环评单位和人员直接责任。环评单位对环评文件内容和结论承担相应责任，确保环评文件内容真实、客观、全面和规范。应建立覆盖全过程的质量控制制度，形成可追溯的编制工作完整档案；对有关单位提供的技术报告、数据资料等进行审核；如实向建设单位和规划编制机关反映环评结论。编制主持人应组织现场踏勘，全过程组织参与环评文件编制工作，并加强统筹协调。
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